mysql 经典45道题
一.首先将建表语句分享给大家
# 学生表 Student:*
create table Student(
SId varchar(10) ,
Sname varchar(10),
Sage datetime,
Ssex varchar(10));
# 教师表 Teacher
create table Teacher(
TId varchar(10),
Tname varchar(10));
# 科目表 Course
create table Course(
CId varchar(10),
Cname nvarchar(10),
TId varchar(10));
# 成绩表 SC
create table SC(
SId varchar(10),
CId varchar(10),
score decimal(18,1));
------------ 插入数据语句-----------------
# 学生表 Student:
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女');
insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女');
insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2017-12-30' , '女');
insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2017-01-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2018-01-01' , '女');
# 科目表 Course
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
# 教师表 Teacher
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
# 成绩表 SC
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
二.好的,接下来就介绍下表数据
课程表数据
CId Cname TId
01 语文 02
02 数学 01
03 英语 03
学生成绩表数据
SId CId score
01 01 80.0
01 02 90.0
01 03 99.0
02 01 70.0
02 02 60.0
02 03 80.0
03 01 80.0
03 02 80.0
03 03 80.0
04 01 50.0
04 02 30.0
04 03 20.0
05 01 76.0
05 02 87.0
06 01 31.0
06 03 34.0
07 02 89.0
07 03 98.0
学生信息表数据
SId Sname Sage Ssex
01 赵雷 1990-01-01 00:00:00 男
02 钱电 1990-12-21 00:00:00 男
03 孙风 1990-05-20 00:00:00 男
04 李云 1990-08-06 00:00:00 男
05 周梅 1991-12-01 00:00:00 女
06 吴兰 1992-03-01 00:00:00 女
07 郑竹 1989-07-01 00:00:00 女
09 张三 2017-12-20 00:00:00 女
10 李四 2017-12-25 00:00:00 女
11 李四 2017-12-30 00:00:00 女
12 赵六 2017-01-01 00:00:00 女
13 孙七 2018-01-01 00:00:00 女
教师信息表数据
TId Tname
01 张三
02 李四
03 王五
接下来就开始练习题目了:
1. 查询01课程比02课程成绩高的学生信息
SELECT
*
FROM
student a
JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
JOIN sc c ON a.SId = c.SId
AND b.cId = '01'
AND c.CId = '02'
AND b.score > c.score;
1.1 查询同时存在01课程和02课程的情况
--方法①:
SELECT
*
FROM
( SELECT * FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '01' ) a
JOIN ( SELECT * FROM sc WHERE sc.CId = '02' )b
ON a.SId = b.SId;
--方法②:
SELECT
*
FROM
sc a
JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
AND a.CId = '01'
AND b.CId = '02'
1.2. 查询存在“01”课程但可能不存在‘02’课程的情况(不存在时显示为null)
-- 方法① : 先查询出存在01 课程的记录 再关联sc表
SELECT
*
FROM (SELECT * FROM SC A WHERE A.CID ='01') A
LEFT JOIN SC B
ON A.SID = B.SID
AND B.CID ='02';
-- 方法② : 直接关联,但是b.cid = '02' 要放在连接两表时,若放在where后则查不到课程02不存在的数据
SELECT *
FROM sc a
left JOIN sc b
on a.sid = b.sid and b.CId = '02'
where a.CId = '01'
1.3查询不存在 ‘01’ 课程但是存在 '02’课程的情况
-- 方法①: 先找出不存在01课程的学生,再找出这些学生学习过02课程的
SELECT
*
from (SELECT * from sc WHERE sid not in (SELECT sid from sc where cid = '01')) a
JOIN sc b
on a.SId = b.SId and b.CId = '02'
-- 方法②: 先找出不存在01课程的学生,再找出这些学生学习过02课程的
SELECT
*
from (SELECT * from sc WHERE sid not in (SELECT sid from sc where cid = '01')) a
WHERE a.CId = '02'
2.查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和 平均成绩
-- 提示:要求查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学信息,首先确定是在成绩表里找
-- 找到了之后,是不是可以用sid 学生信息表里面关联,
-- 就可以得到学生的姓名信息。那这里关键是找sid
SELECT
b.Sname,a.SId, a.avg_score
from (SELECT sid,avg(score) as avg_score from sc GROUP BY SId HAVING avg(score) >60) a
join student b
ON a.SId = b.SId
3.查询在 sc 表中存在成绩的学生信息
-- 提示:成绩表里面肯定都是有学生的
-- 所以用成绩表关联就可以得到学生信息
SELECT
b.*
from sc a left join student b
on a.SId = b.SId GROUP BY b.SId
4.查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )
SELECT
a.SId,
a.Sname,
COUNT( b.score ) AS scount,
SUM( score ) AS sumScore
FROM
student a
LEFT JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
GROUP BY
a.SId
4.1 查有成绩的学生信息
SELECT
*
FROM
student
WHERE
sid IN (SELECT sid FROM sc )
5. 查询「李」姓老师的数量
SELECT COUNT(1) from teacher where Tname like '李%'
6. 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息
SELECT
a.* ,d.Tname
FROM
student a
LEFT JOIN sc b ON a.sid = b.SId
LEFT JOIN course c ON b.CId = c.CId
INNER JOIN teacher d ON c.TId = d.TId
WHERE
d.Tname = '张三'
7. 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
SELECT
*,
COUNT( b.CId )
FROM
student a
LEFT JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
GROUP BY
a.SId
HAVING
COUNT( b.CId ) <(
SELECT
count( 1 )
FROM
course)
8. 查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
SELECT DISTINCT
a.*
FROM
student a
INNER JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
WHERE
b.CId IN ( SELECT cid FROM sc WHERE SId = '01' );
9. 查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息
SELECT
*
FROM
student a
INNER JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
GROUP BY
b.SId
HAVING
b.CId NOT IN ( SELECT CId NOT IN ( SELECT cid FROM sc WHERE SId = '01' ) FROM sc GROUP BY cid )
AND COUNT( b.CId ) = (SELECT COUNT( 1 ) FROM sc WHERESId = '01')
and b.sid !='01'
10. 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
SELECT * from student where SId not in
(SELECT
a.sid
FROM
student a
INNER JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
INNER JOIN course c ON b.CId = c.CId
INNER JOIN teacher d on c.TId = d.TId
WHERE d.Tname = '张三')
11. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
-- 查询出两门及以上不及格课程的同学的学号
SELECT SId from sc WHERE score <60 GROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT(1) >1;
SELECT
a.SId,
b.Sname,
avg( score ) AS avg_Score
FROM
sc a
INNER JOIN student b ON a.SId = b.SId
GROUP BY
a.sid
HAVING
a.SId IN (SELECT SId FROM sc WHERE score < 60 GROUP BY SId HAVING COUNT( 1 ) > 1)
12. 检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
SELECT
a.*,
b.score
FROM
student a
INNER JOIN sc b ON a.SId = b.SId
WHERE
b.CId = '01'
AND score < 60
ORDER BY
score DESC
13. 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
-- 求出平均成绩
SELECT SId,score,AVG(score) from sc GROUP BY SId;
-- 再用sc 表联合 查出数据
SELECT
a.*,
b.avgscore
FROM
sc a
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT SId, score, AVG( score ) AS avgscore FROM sc GROUP BY SId ) b ON a.SId = b.SId
ORDER BY
b.avgscore DESC
14.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分: 以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率 及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90 要求输出课程号和选修人数,查询结果按人数降序排列,若人数相同,按课程号升序排列
-- 查询各科成绩的最高分最低分 平均分
SELECT
a.cid,
b.Cname,
MAX( score ) AS 最高分,
MIN( score ) AS 最低分,
AVG( score ) AS 平均分,
COUNT( 1 ) AS 选修人数,
SUM( CASE WHEN score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS 及格率,
SUM( CASE WHEN score >= 70 AND score < 80 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS 中等率,
SUM( CASE WHEN score >= 80 AND score < 90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS 优良率,
SUM( CASE WHEN score >= 90 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS 优秀率
FROM
sc a
LEFT JOIN course b ON a.CId = b.CId
GROUP BY
a.cid;
15. 按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时保留名次空缺
SELECT
sid,cid,score,@rank:=@rank+1 as rk
FROM SC
ORDER BY score desc ;
15.1 按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名, Score 重复时合并名次
select * ,
case when (@sco = score)
THEN @rank
else @rank:= @rank +1
end as rn,
@sco:= score
from sc,(SELECT @rank:= 0,@sco:= NULL) as t
16. 查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时保留名次空缺
SELECT *, -- ,@rank:= @rank+1
case when (@sco= b.sumscore) then ''
ELSE @rank:=@rank+1
END as rn,
@sco:= b.sumscore
from (SELECT sid,cid,SUM(score) as sumScore FROM sc GROUP BY SId) b,(select @rank:= 0,@sco:=null) as t
ORDER BY b.sumscore DESC
16.1 查询学生的总成绩,并进行排名,总分重复时不保留名次空缺
SELECT *, -- ,@rank:= @rank+1
case when (@sco= b.sumscore) then @rank
ELSE @rank:=@rank+1
END as rn,
@sco:= b.sumscore
from (SELECT sid,cid,SUM(score) as sumScore FROM sc GROUP BY SId) b,(select @rank:= 0,@sco:=null) as t
ORDER BY b.sumscore DESC
17. 统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[60-0] 及所占百分比
SELECT
CId,
SUM( CASE WHEN 0 < score AND score <= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS '[0,60]',
SUM( CASE WHEN 60 < score AND score <= 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS '[60,70]',
SUM( CASE WHEN 70 < score AND score <= 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS '[70,80]',
SUM( CASE WHEN 85 < score AND score <= 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/ COUNT( 1 ) AS '[70,80]'
FROM
sc
GROUP BY
CId
18. 查询各科成绩前三名的记录
SELECT
a.*
FROM
SC a
WHERE
( SELECT count( 1 ) FROM SC b WHERE a.cid = b.cid AND b.score > a.score )< 3
ORDER BY
cid DESC,
score DESC