小白开发程序之路（4-2-2）Fragment（二、三、四）

于 2021-02-06 16:05:29 发布
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分类专栏： 小白开发程序之路
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45941945/article/details/113726178
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目录

传递参数

ContainerActivity.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class ContainerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AFragment aFragment;
    private BFragment bFragment;
    private Button mBtnChange;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_container);
        mBtnChange=findViewById(R.id.btn_change);
        mBtnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (bFragment==null)
                    bFragment=new BFragment();
                getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).commitAllowingStateLoss();
                //记得加commit！！
            }
        });

        //实例化
        aFragment=AFragment.newInstance("我是参数");
        //把AFragment添加到Activity中指定位置,记得调用commit
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.fl_container,aFragment).commitAllowingStateLoss();
        //新版本使用getSupportFragmentManager()方法
    }

}

AFragment.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView mTvTitle;
//    private Activity mActivity;

    public static AFragment newInstance(String title){
        AFragment fragment=new AFragment();
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("title",title);
        fragment.setArguments(bundle);
        //反射机制？
        return fragment;
    }


    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //创建时
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //当View创建完时
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        mTvTitle=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
        if(getArguments()!=null)
            mTvTitle.setText(getArguments().getString("title"));
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
        //与Activity重新连接时
        super.onAttach(context);
//        mActivity=(Activity) context;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDetach() {
        //与Activity脱离时
        super.onDetach();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        //取消异步
    }
}

Fragment回退栈

AFragment.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView mTvTitle;
    private Button mBtnChange,mBtnReset;
    private BFragment bFragment;
//    private Activity mActivity;

    public static AFragment newInstance(String title){
        AFragment fragment=new AFragment();
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("title",title);
        fragment.setArguments(bundle);
        //反射机制？
        return fragment;
    }


    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //创建时
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
        Log.d("AFragment","----onCreateView----") ;
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //当View创建完时
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        mTvTitle=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
        mBtnChange=view.findViewById(R.id.btn_change);
        mBtnReset=view.findViewById(R.id.btn_reset);
        mBtnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (bFragment==null)
                    bFragment=new BFragment();
//                getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
//                //addToBackStack(null) 在commit之前，将Fragment加入回撤栈
//                //但这时从BFragment返回时还是新建了AFragment，replace实则是remove和add的叠加
                Fragment fragment=getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("a");
                if (fragment!=null)
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().hide(fragment).add(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
                //这里的hide就是先把AFragment隐藏而不是清除
                else
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
            }
        });
        mBtnReset.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                mTvTitle.setText("我是新文字");
            }
        });
        if(getArguments()!=null)
            mTvTitle.setText(getArguments().getString("title"));
    }
}

fragment_a.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_change"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换为BFragment"
        android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_reset"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换TextView的文字内容"
        android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_title"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="@color/colorBlack"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="我是AFragment"
        android:gravity="center"/>

</LinearLayout>

ContainerActivity.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class ContainerActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AFragment aFragment;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_container);

        //实例化
        aFragment=AFragment.newInstance("我是参数");
        //把AFragment添加到Activity中指定位置,记得调用commit
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.fl_container,aFragment,"a").commitAllowingStateLoss();
        //新版本使用getSupportFragmentManager()方法
        //给AFragment加上Tag 方便找回
    }

}

activity_container.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fl_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/btn_change"/>

</RelativeLayout>

Fragment和Activity的通信

AFragment.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class AFragment extends Fragment {
    private TextView mTvTitle;
    private Button mBtnChange,mBtnReset,mBtnMessage;
    private BFragment bFragment;
    private IOnMessageClick listener;
//    private Activity mActivity;

    public static AFragment newInstance(String title){
        AFragment fragment=new AFragment();
        Bundle bundle=new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("title",title);
        fragment.setArguments(bundle);
        //反射机制？
        return fragment;
    }

    public interface IOnMessageClick{
        void onClick(String text);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
        super.onAttach(context);
        try {
            listener=(IOnMessageClick) context;
        }
        catch (ClassCastException e){
            throw new ClassCastException("Activity 必须实现IOnMessageClick接口");
        }

    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //创建时
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_a,container,false);
        Log.d("AFragment","----onCreateView----") ;
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        //当View创建完时
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        mTvTitle=view.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
        mBtnChange=view.findViewById(R.id.btn_change);
        mBtnReset=view.findViewById(R.id.btn_reset);
        mBtnMessage=view.findViewById(R.id.btn_message);
        mBtnMessage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
//                ((ContainerActivity)getActivity()).setData("你好");
                listener.onClick("你好");
            }
        });
        mBtnChange.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (bFragment==null)
                    bFragment=new BFragment();
//                getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
//                //addToBackStack(null) 在commit之前，将Fragment加入回撤栈
//                //但这时从BFragment返回时还是新建了AFragment，replace实则是remove和add的叠加
                Fragment fragment=getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("a");
                if (fragment!=null)
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().hide(fragment).add(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
                //这里的hide就是先把AFragment隐藏而不是清除
                else
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fl_container,bFragment).addToBackStack(null).commitAllowingStateLoss();
            }
        });
        mBtnReset.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                mTvTitle.setText("我是新文字");
            }
        });
        if(getArguments()!=null)
            mTvTitle.setText(getArguments().getString("title"));
    }
}

fragment_a.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center">
    android:gravity="center">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_message"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="给Activity传递消息"
        android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_change"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换为BFragment"
        android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_reset"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:text="更换TextView的文字内容"
        android:textAllCaps="false"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_title"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="@color/colorBlack"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:text="我是AFragment"
        android:gravity="center"/>

</LinearLayout>

ContainerActivity.java

package com.example.myapplication.fragment;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.myapplication.R;

public class ContainerActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AFragment.IOnMessageClick {
    private AFragment aFragment;
    private TextView mTvTitle;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_container);
        mTvTitle=findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
        //实例化
        aFragment=AFragment.newInstance("我是参数");
        //把AFragment添加到Activity中指定位置,记得调用commit
        getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.fl_container,aFragment,"a").commitAllowingStateLoss();
        //新版本使用getSupportFragmentManager()方法
        //给AFragment加上Tag 方便找回
    }
    public void setData(String text){
        mTvTitle.setText(text);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(String text) {
        mTvTitle.setText(text);
    }
}

activity_container.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_title"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:textColor="@android:color/black"
        android:text="Hello"/>
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fl_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tv_title"/>

</RelativeLayout>
努力敲代码的小方
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