Grpc系列学习(二)

Grpc系列学习(二)

写在前面:因为1024CSDN写博客会有徽章,本人多少带点收集控,故正好整理出第二篇关于Grpc的学习文章.

这次照例宣传一下我的个人博客:

demo:

制作证书

在服务端支持Rpc和Restful Api，需要用到TLS，因此我们要先制作证书

进入certs目录，生成TLS所需的公钥密钥文件

openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048

openssl ecparam -genkey -name secp384r1 -out server.key

• openssl genrsa：生成RSA私钥，命令的最后一个参数，将指定生成密钥的位数，如果没有指定，默认512
• openssl ecparam：生成ECC私钥，命令为椭圆曲线密钥参数生成及操作，本文中ECC曲线选择的是secp384r1

自签名公钥

openssl req -new -x509 -sha256 -key server.key -out server.pem -days 3650

openssl req：生成自签名证书，-new指生成证书请求、-sha256指使用sha256加密、-key指定私钥文件、-x509指输出证书、-days 3650为有效期，此后则输入证书拥有者信息

填写信息

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:grpc server name
Email Address []:

Proto

编写

1.google.api

我们看到proto目录中有google/api目录，它用到了google官方提供的两个api描述文件，主要是针对grpc-gateway的http转换提供支持，定义了Protocol Buffer所扩展的HTTP Option

annotations.proto文件：

// Copyright (c) 2015, Google Inc.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
​
syntax = "proto3";
​
package google.api;
​
import "google/api/http.proto";
import "google/protobuf/descriptor.proto";
​
option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_outer_classname = "AnnotationsProto";
option java_package = "com.google.api";
​
extend google.protobuf.MethodOptions {
  // See `HttpRule`.
  HttpRule http = 72295728;
}

http.proto文件：

// Copyright 2016 Google Inc.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

syntax = "proto3";

package google.api;

option cc_enable_arenas = true;
option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_outer_classname = "HttpProto";
option java_package = "com.google.api";


// Defines the HTTP configuration for a service. It contains a list of
// [HttpRule][google.api.HttpRule], each specifying the mapping of an RPC method
// to one or more HTTP REST API methods.
message Http {
  // A list of HTTP rules for configuring the HTTP REST API methods.
  repeated HttpRule rules = 1;
}

// Use CustomHttpPattern to specify any HTTP method that is not included in the
// `pattern` field, such as HEAD, or "*" to leave the HTTP method unspecified for
// a given URL path rule. The wild-card rule is useful for services that provide
// content to Web (HTML) clients.
message HttpRule {
  // Selects methods to which this rule applies.
  //
  // Refer to [selector][google.api.DocumentationRule.selector] for syntax details.
  string selector = 1;

  // Determines the URL pattern is matched by this rules. This pattern can be
  // used with any of the {get|put|post|delete|patch} methods. A custom method
  // can be defined using the 'custom' field.
  oneof pattern {
    // Used for listing and getting information about resources.
    string get = 2;

    // Used for updating a resource.
    string put = 3;

    // Used for creating a resource.
    string post = 4;

    // Used for deleting a resource.
    string delete = 5;

    // Used for updating a resource.
    string patch = 6;

    // Custom pattern is used for defining custom verbs.
    CustomHttpPattern custom = 8;
  }

  // The name of the request field whose value is mapped to the HTTP body, or
  // `*` for mapping all fields not captured by the path pattern to the HTTP
  // body. NOTE: the referred field must not be a repeated field.
  string body = 7;

  // Additional HTTP bindings for the selector. Nested bindings must
  // not contain an `additional_bindings` field themselves (that is,
  // the nesting may only be one level deep).
  repeated HttpRule additional_bindings = 11;
}

// A custom pattern is used for defining custom HTTP verb.
message CustomHttpPattern {
  // The name of this custom HTTP verb.
  string kind = 1;

  // The path matched by this custom verb.
  string path = 2;
}

1. hello.proto

这一小节将编写Demo的.proto文件，我们在proto目录下新建hello.proto文件，写入文件内容：

syntax = "proto3";

package proto;

import "google/api/annotations.proto";

service HelloWorld {
    rpc SayHelloWorld(HelloWorldRequest) returns (HelloWorldResponse) {
        option (google.api.http) = {
            post: "/hello_world"
            body: "*"
        };
    }
}

message HelloWorldRequest {
    string referer = 1;
}

message HelloWorldResponse {
    string message = 1;
}

在hello.proto文件中，引用了google/api/annotations.proto，达到支持HTTP Option的效果

• 定义了一个serviceRPC服务HelloWorld，在其内部定义了一个HTTP Option的POST方法，HTTP响应路径为/hello_world
• 定义message类型HelloWorldRequest、HelloWorldResponse，用于响应请求和返回结果

编译

在编写完.proto文件后，我们需要对其进行编译，就能够在server中使用

进入proto目录，执行以下命令

# 编译google.api
protoc -I . --go_out=plugins=grpc,Mgoogle/protobuf/descriptor.proto=github.com/golang/protobuf/protoc-gen-go/descriptor:. google/api/*.proto

#编译hello_http.proto为hello_http.pb.proto
protoc -I . --go_out=plugins=grpc,Mgoogle/api/annotations.proto=grpc-hello-world/proto/google/api:. ./hello.proto

#编译hello_http.proto为hello_http.pb.gw.proto
protoc --grpc-gateway_out=logtostderr=true:. ./hello.proto

执行完毕后将生成hello.pb.go和hello.gw.pb.go，分别针对grpc和grpc-gateway的功能支持

命令行模块 cmd

介绍

这一小节我们编写命令行模块，为什么要独立出来呢，是为了将cmd和server两者解耦，避免混淆在一起。

我们采用 Cobra 来完成这项功能，Cobra既是创建强大的现代CLI应用程序的库，也是生成应用程序和命令文件的程序。提供了以下功能：

• 简易的子命令行模式
• 完全兼容posix的命令行模式(包括短和长版本)
• 嵌套的子命令
• 全局、本地和级联flags
• 使用Cobra很容易的生成应用程序和命令，使用cobra create appname和cobra add cmdname
• 智能提示
• 自动生成commands和flags的帮助信息
• 自动生成详细的help信息-h，--help等等
• 自动生成的bash自动完成功能
• 为应用程序自动生成手册
• 命令别名
• 定义您自己的帮助、用法等的灵活性。
• 可选与viper紧密集成的apps

—选自某百科

编写server

在编写cmd时需要先用server进行测试关联，因此这一步我们先写server.go用于测试

在server模块下 新建server.go文件，写入测试内容：

package server

import (
    "log"
)

var (
    ServerPort string
    CertName string
    CertPemPath string
    CertKeyPath string
)

func Serve() (err error){
    log.Println(ServerPort)

    log.Println(CertName)

    log.Println(CertPemPath)

    log.Println(CertKeyPath)

    return nil
}

编写cmd

在cmd模块下 新建root.go文件，写入内容：

package cmd

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"

    "github.com/spf13/cobra"
)

var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
    Use:   "grpc",
    Short: "Run the gRPC hello-world server",
}

func Execute() {
    if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        os.Exit(-1)
    }
}

emmm…这个官网的Hello World还是有点多的,今天就不写了~~

@copyright ------------baijianruoliorz@Github--------------------------------