目录
1、定时器定时中断
(1)Timer.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void Timer_Init(void)
{
//第一步:RCC开启时钟
//第二步:选择时基单元的时钟源,对于定时中断,选择内部时钟源
//第三步:配置时基单元,包括预分频器、自动重装器、计数模式(用结构体配置)
//第四步:配置输出中断控制,允许更新中断输出到NVIC
//第五步:配置NVIC,在NVIC中打开定时器中断的通道,并分配一个优先级
//第六步:运行控制,整个模块配置完成后,使能计数器,否则计数器不运行
//计数器使能后,计数器就会开始计数,当计数器更新时,触发中断,最后写个定时器中断函数
//这样中断中断函数就能每隔一段时间自动执行一次
//第一步:RCC开启时钟
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);
//第二步:选择时基单元的时钟源
TIM_InternalClockConfig(TIM2);//内部时钟,也可不写,因为上电后默认是内部时钟
//第三步:配置时基单元,包括预分频器、自动重装器、计数模式
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1; //不分频
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;//选择计数模式:向上计数
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Period = 10000 - 1;//ARR自动重装器的值
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7200 - 1;//PSC预分频器的值
//预分频对72M进行7200分频,得到10K的计数频率,在10k的频率下,计数10k个数,就是1s
//可以预分频给少点,自动重装给多一点,这样就是以一个比较高的频率计比较多的数,反之则反
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0;//重复计数器的值
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure);
//第四步:配置输出中断控制,允许更新中断输出到NVIC
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update);//清除向上溢出中断标志
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);//使能更新中断
//第五步:配置NVIC
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);//选择分组2
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;//中断通道,定时器2的通道
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2;//设置抢占优先级为2
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;//设置响应优先级为1
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
//第六步:启动定时器
TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
}
/*当作参考,哪个文件需要可以复制过去
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) == SET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
}
}
*/
(2)main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Timer.h"
uint16_t Num;
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
Timer_Init();
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Num:");
while (1)
{
OLED_ShowNum(1, 5, Num, 5);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 5, TIM_GetCounter(TIM2), 5);//计数器的值
}
}
//对于定时中断而言,中断函数就是为别的文件服务的,故可以移到别的文件中使用
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
//获取中断标志位
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) == SET)
{
Num ++;
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
}
}
2、定时器外部时钟
对射性红外传感器:接PA0引脚,在PA0引脚输入外部时钟
(1)与内部时钟在Timer.c不同的代码
//通过ETR引脚的外部时钟模式2配置
//TIM_ExtTRGPSC_OFF:无需分频,TIM_ExtTRGPolarity_NonInverted,:
//不反向,高电平或上升沿有效,0x0F:暂时不用滤波器
TIM_ETRClockMode2Config(TIM2, TIM_ExtTRGPSC_OFF, TIM_ExtTRGPolarity_NonInverted, 0x0F);
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Period = 10 - 1;//把只改得小一点,因为手动的没这么块
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 1 - 1;
uint16_t Timer_GetCounter(void)
{
//实时看TNT的值
return TIM_GetCounter(TIM2);
}
(2)Timer.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
void Timer_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//通过ETR引脚的外部时钟模式2配置
//TIM_ExtTRGPSC_OFF:无需分频,TIM_ExtTRGPolarity_NonInverted,:
//不反向,高电平或上升沿有效,0x0F:暂时不用滤波器
TIM_ETRClockMode2Config(TIM2, TIM_ExtTRGPSC_OFF, TIM_ExtTRGPolarity_NonInverted, 0x0F);
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Period = 10 - 1;//把值改得小一点,因为手动的没这么块
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 1 - 1;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure);
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM2, TIM_FLAG_Update);
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 2;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);
}
uint16_t Timer_GetCounter(void)
{
//实时看TNT的值
return TIM_GetCounter(TIM2);
}
/*
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) == SET)
{
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
}
}
*/
(3)main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
#include "Timer.h"
uint16_t Num;
int main(void)
{
OLED_Init();
Timer_Init();
OLED_ShowString(1, 1, "Num:");
OLED_ShowString(2, 1, "CNT:");
while (1)
{
OLED_ShowNum(1, 5, Num, 5);
OLED_ShowNum(2, 5, Timer_GetCounter(), 5);
}
}
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update) == SET)
{
Num ++;
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update);
}
}
3、知识点:
(1)浮空输入:一旦浮空,电平可能会跳个没完。应用场景:外部的输入信号功率很小,内部的上拉电阻可能会影响到输入信号,这时就可以用浮空输入,防止影响外部输入的电平
(2)extern:告诉编译器,已经在别的文件中定义了该变量,至于在哪里,直接去找吧