【华为】BGP原理及配置案例

定位
距离矢量路由协议 距离 方向 路由
AS-AS:EGP AS:自治区管理系统
路由管理域的集合叫做一个自治系统
AS id:65536(0-65535) 占了16bit
私有AS号:64512-65535
扩充到了32bit,有2的32次方个AS号，大约43亿
IGP:OSPF RIP ISIS,实现as内部路由
作用
实现AS和AS之间的路由的传递
注重于路由的选择和路径的选路
工作原理
1.建立BGP邻居关系
前提:TCP可达(两边可以ping通)，因为BGP是基于TCP封装，保证路由传递的可靠
手工建立邻居关系
AS之间建立EBGP(优先级255) AS之间建立IBFP(优先级255)
BGP两个不想连的路由器可以之间建立起来邻居关系
2.通告路由，进行路由的通告或者传递
3.进行路由的控制和选择

配置命令

案例一

R1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
bgp 100
 peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 200
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.1.0
  peer 12.1.1.2 enable

R2

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
bgp 200
 peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
 peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
 peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 100
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 12.0.0.0
  network 192.168.2.0
  peer 3.3.3.3 enable
  peer 12.1.1.1 enable
rip 1
 version 2
 network 2.0.0.0
 network 23.0.0.0
 import-route bgp  //把bgp导入到rip当中

R3

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
interface LoopBack0
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
bgp 200
 peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
 peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 192.168.3.0
  peer 2.2.2.2 enable
rip 1
 version 2
 network 3.0.0.0
 network 23.0.0.0

案例二

R1

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 172.16.60.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 59.74.112.2 255.255.255.0
 bgp 65008
 peer 59.74.112.1 as-number 65009
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  network 172.16.60.0 255.255.255.0
  peer 59.74.112.1 enable

R2

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 59.74.112.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 ip address 172.16.30.1 255.255.255.0
bgp 65009
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 peer 59.74.112.2 as-number 65008
 peer 172.16.10.2 as-number 65009
 peer 172.16.30.2 as-number 65009
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  import-route direct //导入直连到BGP中
  peer 59.74.112.2 enable
  peer 172.16.10.2 enable
  peer 172.16.30.2 enable
#

R3

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
 ip address 172.16.30.2 255.255.255.0
bgp 65009
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 peer 172.16.20.2 as-number 65009
 peer 172.16.30.1 as-number 65009
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 172.16.20.2 enable
  peer 172.16.30.1 enable
#

R4

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 172.16.10.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
 ip address 172.16.20.2 255.255.255.0
#
bgp 65009
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 peer 172.16.10.1 as-number 65009
 peer 172.16.20.1 as-number 65009
 #
 ipv4-family unicast
  undo synchronization
  peer 172.16.10.1 enable
  peer 172.16.20.1 enable
#