命令模式(别名:动作,事务)
将一个请求封装为一个对象,从而使你可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化;对请求排队或记录请求日志,以及支持可撤消的操作。
附上UML类图
![在这里插入图片描述](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a38637ae715c60d038b4177e1a81030a.png)
编写程序时,最忌讳从头到尾,毫无目的的编写,分析其UML图,我们编写程序时应该按这样的顺序:
1.先编写其接受者Receiver
2.编写其父类,即此处的接口Command
3.编写其子类,即此处ConcreteCommand
4.最后进行请求者的编写
先编写主体
/**
* 设计模式4.2
* @author 写戈程序圆
*2020/4/7
*/
public class Applciation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("设计模式4.2");
/new 各个角色对象
Armysanlian sanlian = new Armysanlian();
//面向抽象————父类类型 最后new子类类型
ConcreteCommandatk a1 = new ConcreteCommandatk(sanlian);
ConcreteCommandbck a2 = new ConcreteCommandbck(sanlian);
ConcreteCommandrst a3 = new ConcreteCommandrst(sanlian);
Superior s = new Superior();
///
s.setCommand(a1);
s.executeCommand();
s.setCommand(a2);
s.executeCommand();
s.setCommand(a3);
s.executeCommand();
}
}
//之后先写被调用的,即UML类图中最右边的接受者→父类→子类→最后写发起者(请求者)
此后
1、先编写其接受者此处为三连
/**
* 这是接受者
* @author 写戈程序圆
*这是编写的第一步
*/
public class Armysanlian {
//属性的叠加,结构型模式---装饰模式
public String name = "三连";
//所有角色用构造函数,set函数初始化
public Armysanlian()
{
name = "我是三连";
}
public void setName(String name) {//s+alt+/+et+enter
this.name = name;
}
//行为的触发,行为型
public void attack()
{
System.out.println(name+"进攻");
}
//行为的触发,行为型
public void back()
{
System.out.println(name+"撤退");
}
//行为的触发,行为型
public void rest()
{
System.out.println(name+"休整");
}
}
2、编写接口,即其父类
/**
* 接口
* @author 写戈程序圆
*
*/
public interface Command {
public void execute();
}
3、编写其子类,此处拓展了3个子类(进攻、撤退、修整)
/**
* 实现接口类
* @author 写戈程序圆
*
*/
public class ConcreteCommandatk implements Command{//impl+alt/=implements
public Armysanlian armysanlian;
//初始化:构造set
public ConcreteCommandatk(Armysanlian a) {//参数a赋给成员变量armysanlian
this.armysanlian = a;
}
public void execute()
{
armysanlian.attack();
}
}
==============================================
/**
* 实现接口类
* @author 写戈程序圆
*
*/
public class ConcreteCommandbck implements Command{//impl+alt/=implements
public Armysanlian armysanlian;
//初始化:构造set
public ConcreteCommandbck(Armysanlian a) {//参数a赋给成员变量armysanlian
this.armysanlian = a;
}
public void execute()
{
armysanlian.back();;
}
}
==============================================
/**
* 实现接口类
* @author 写戈程序圆
*
*/
public class ConcreteCommandrst implements Command{//impl+alt/=implements
public Armysanlian armysanlian;
//初始化:构造set
public ConcreteCommandrst(Armysanlian a) {//参数a赋给成员变量armysanlian
this.armysanlian = a;
}
public void execute()
{
armysanlian.rest();
}
}
4、最后进行请求者的编写,此处为指挥官
/**
* 请求者(指挥官)
* @author 写戈程序圆
*
*/
public class Superior {
//成员变量:命令
Command command;
//初始化
public void setCommand(Command command) {
this.command = command;
}
//成员函数,发出executeCommand()
public void executeCommand() {
command.execute();
}
}
至此,这个经典案例已全部编写完成,仅供参考,适合小白学习,如有不足,还请大家慷慨斧正,欢迎大家转载转发,注明出处即可。