linux服务器配置ssh秘钥免密登录

1. 在本地/服务器的 ~/.ssh路径下 生成密钥对

 ssh-keygen

user:~/.ssh$ ssh-keygen  //建立密钥对
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa): <== 按 Enter
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):  <== 输入密钥锁码，或直接按 Enter 留空
Enter same passphrase again:  <== 再输入一遍密钥锁码
Your identification has been saved in /home/lihy/.ssh/id_rsa <== 私钥
Your public key has been saved in /home/lihy/.ssh/id_rsa.pub <== 公钥
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:1cCa4NpOeNDK8TE4YBfOAXyH79K2ihPe2BDdj5DkPyQ lihy@lihy-VC66-C
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| ...oo   ..      |
|  +o=.o   .o     |
| . BoO . o. .    |
|  . E O o.       |
|   o ^ =S        |
|  o * % .        |
| . * * o         |
|  +.o o          |
|  ....           |
+----[SHA256]-----+

生成 密钥文件id_rsa 和公钥文件 id_rsa.pub

2. 将公钥文件id_rsa.pub上传到服务器, 在服务器用户目录下.ssh文件夹下把公钥写入authorized_keys文件

user:~$ cd .ssh
user:~/.ssh$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

3. 将密钥文件id_rsa放在本地， 同时，配置本地~/.ssh/路径下的config文件

Host GPU
        HostName xx.xx.xxx.x. //服务器ip
        User username  //服务器用户名
        Port 22  //端口
        ProxyJump Web1  //其中web1为GPU跳板机
        IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa // 密钥文件id_rsa所在路径

4. 实现本地免密ssh登陆服务器

user % ssh GPU