Nginx证书格式转换，证书配置 生成pem(公钥)、key（私钥）、csr（签名文件）、crt（自签名SSL证书）

将cer格式证书转pem格式：

openssl x509 -inform der -in server.cer -out server-pem.pem

提取私钥：p12格式文件中提取私钥

openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -nodes -in server.p12 -out server.key

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需要依赖openssl
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

[root@tlgakp1 rntibp]# openssl version
OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017

检查是否支持https_ssl_module:

[root@tlgakp1 nginx]# sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.18.0
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx –with-http_ssl_module --with-stream

观察编译时是否带有“–with-http_ssl_module”
没有需要重新编译安装

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生成没有加密得私钥：

 openssl genrsa > nginx.key 2048 
 Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...............................................................................+++
...............+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@localhost openssl]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1679 May 17 16:56 nginx.key

根据私钥生成公钥：

openssl req -new -x509 -key nginx.key > nginx.pem

[root@localhost openssl]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1679 May 17 16:56 nginx.key
[root@localhost openssl]# openssl req -new -x509 -key nginx.key > nginx.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:
Email Address []:
[root@localhost openssl]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1679 May 17 16:56 nginx.key
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1220 May 17 17:22 nginx.pem

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生成私钥和自签名的SSL证书：

生成加密私钥:
参数： genrsa：生成RSA私钥；-des3：des3算法；-out server.pass.key：生成的私钥文件名；2048：私钥长度

[root@localhost openssl]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.pass.key 2048 
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.+++
.................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for server.pass.key:   #输入四位以上密码
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for server.pass.key:   #再次输入

去除私钥中的密码:

[root@localhost openssl]#  openssl rsa -in server.pass.key -out server.key
Enter pass phrase for server.pass.key:        #输入私钥的密码
writing RSA key

[root@localhost openssl]# ll ser*
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1679 May 17 17:26 server.key #无密码私钥
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1751 May 17 17:25 server.pass.key #有密码私钥

生成CSR（证书签名请求文件）：

[root@localhost openssl]#  openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:
State or Province Name (full name) []:
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:
Email Address []:

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:              
An optional company name []:

#以上参数可不填，一直回车 也没有影响

参数说明：

# -req 生成证书签名请求   
# -new 新生成           
# -key 私钥文件               
# -out 生成的CSR文件             

生成自签名的SSL证书：

[root@localhost openssl]# openssl x509 -req -days 1825 -in server.csr -signkey server.key -out server.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=XX/L=Default City/O=Default Company Ltd
Getting Private key

参数说明：							
 # -days 证书有效期

[root@localhost openssl]# ll ser*
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1103 May 17 17:32 server.crt #自签名SSL证书
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 952 May 17 17:29 server.csr #签名文件
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1679 May 17 17:26 server.key #无密码私钥
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1751 May 17 17:25 server.pass.key #有密码私钥

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Nginx配置

https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssl_module.html#ssl_certificate

server {
        listen       9943 ssl;     #https访问页面
        server_name  192.168.100.83;         #域名
        ssl_certificate cert/nginx.pem;			#pem格式证书 .pem .crt
        ssl_certificate_key cert/nginx.key;	#配置已签名的私钥
        ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;			# SSL协议