Java懒汉式单例模式中synchronized多种使用方法的比较

 

单例模式---> 懒汉式

public class Student {

    private static Student instance = null;

    private Student() {}

    /**
     * 双重检索方式（效率最高）
     *
     * Thread-1---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@22047bda
     * Thread-0---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@22047bda
     */对象相同
    private static Student getInstance(){
        //如果第一个线程过来发现Student对象为null，则进入同步方法
        //如果第二个线程过来发现对象已经存在则不会在进入同步方法，而是直接获取已经存在的对象
        if(instance == null){
            synchronized (Student.class) {
                if(instance == null){
                    instance  = new Student();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     *方法上添加同步关键字
     * Thread-1---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@5a2cdcfd
     * Thread-0---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@5a2cdcfd
        对象相同
     * @return
     */
    private static synchronized Student getInstance2(){
        if(instance == null){
            instance  = new Student();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * 代码块锁定范围太大，每次获取对象都要经过同步方法
     *
     * Thread-0---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@692db0ef
     * Thread-1---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@692db0ef
        对象相同
     * @return
     */
    private static Student getInstance3(){
        synchronized (Student.class) {
            if(instance == null){
                instance = new Student();
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * 不安全的单例模式(懒汉式)
     *
     * Thread-0---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@5a2cdcfd
     * Thread-1---->com.online.taxi.order.service.impl.Student@568b35d7
        对象不相同
     * @return
     */
    private static Student getInstance4(){
        if (instance == null){
            instance = new Student();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    static class SyncStudent extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"---->" + Student.getInstance4());
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SyncStudent syncStudent1 = new SyncStudent();
        SyncStudent syncStudent2 = new SyncStudent();
        syncStudent1.start();
        syncStudent2.start();
    }

}