java线程之间通信及虚假唤醒问题

package com.liu.pc;

/**
 * 线程之间通讯问题  等待唤醒,通知唤醒
 * 线程交替执行 A B操作同一个变量
 * A+1
 * B-1
 */
public class A {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"A").start();


        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"B").start();

       
    }
}

class Data{
    private int number = 0;

    //+1
    public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException {
        if(number!=0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number++;//业务
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "=>" + number);
        //通知其他线程
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    //-1
    public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException {
        if(number==0){
           //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number--;//业务
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "=>" + number);
        //通知其他线程
        this.notifyAll();
    }
}

以上情况,只有两个线程执行,可以互相通讯,但是一旦超过两个,就会出现虚假唤醒的问题

此时,需要将业务中的if判断,替换成while既可以解决问题

package com.liu.pc;

/**
 * 线程之间通讯问题  等待唤醒,通知唤醒
 * 线程交替执行 A B操作同一个变量
 * A+1
 * B-1
 */
public class A {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"B").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"C").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"D").start();

    }
}

class Data{
    private int number = 0;

    //+1
    public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException {
        while(number!=0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number++;//业务
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "=>" + number);
        //通知其他线程
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    //-1
    public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException {
        while(number==0){
           //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number--;//业务
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "=>" + number);
        //通知其他线程
        this.notifyAll();
    }
}