使用场景:
公司要求做身份证正反面上传,但是后台对照片的大小做了限制,超过规定大小则上传不成功,这时候就需要前端来对拍照的图片做压缩,然后上传给后台
具体代码:
1.在公共js文件util.js里封装图片压缩方法:
// 图片压缩
export const imgPreview = (file, callback) => {
//将base64转换为文件
function dataURLtoFile(dataurl, file) {
var arr = dataurl.split(","),
bstr = atob(arr[1]),
n = bstr.length,
u8arr = new Uint8Array(n);
while (n--) {
u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n);
}
return new File([u8arr], file.name, {
type: file.type
});
}
// 压缩图片
function compress(img) {
let canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
let ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
//瓦片canvas
let tCanvas = document.createElement("canvas");
let tctx = tCanvas.getContext("2d");
// let initSize = img.src.length;
let width = img.width;
let height = img.height;
//如果图片大于四百万像素,计算压缩比并将大小压至400万以下
let ratio;
if ((ratio = (width * height) / 4000000) > 1) {
// console.log("大于400万像素");
ratio = Math.sqrt(ratio);
width /= ratio;
height /= ratio;
} else {
ratio = 1;
}
canvas.width = width;
canvas.height = height;
// 铺底色
ctx.fillStyle = "#fff";
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
//如果图片像素大于100万则使用瓦片绘制
let count;
if ((count = (width * height) / 1000000) > 1) {
// console.log("超过100W像素");
count = ~~(Math.sqrt(count) + 1); //计算要分成多少块瓦片
// 计算每块瓦片的宽和高
let nw = ~~(width / count);
let nh = ~~(height / count);
tCanvas.width = nw;
tCanvas.height = nh;
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < count; j++) {
tctx.drawImage(
img,
i * nw * ratio,
j * nh * ratio,
nw * ratio,
nh * ratio,
0,
0,
nw,
nh
);
ctx.drawImage(tCanvas, i * nw, j * nh, nw, nh);
}
}
} else {
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, width, height);
}
//进行最小压缩
let ndata = canvas.toDataURL("image/jpeg", 0.3);
tCanvas.width = tCanvas.height = canvas.width = canvas.height = 0;
return ndata;
}
// 看支持不支持FileReader
if (!file || !window.FileReader) {
return;
}
if (/^image/.test(file.type)) {
// 创建一个reader
let reader = new FileReader();
// 将图片转成 base64 格式
reader.readAsDataURL(file);
// 读取成功后的回调
reader.onloadend = function() {
let result = this.result;
let img = new Image();
img.src = result;
//判断图片是否小于500K,是就直接上传,反之压缩图片
if (this .result.length <= 100 * 1024) {
// 上传图片
let imageFile = dataURLtoFile(this.result, file);
callback(imageFile);
} else {
img.onload = function() {
let data = compress(img);
// 上传图片
let imageFile = dataURLtoFile(data, file);
callback(imageFile);
};
}
};
}
2.使用方法:
import { imgPreview } from "@/libs/util.js";
afterReadz (event) {
this.cardimgz = event.content
imgPreview(event.file,(files)=>{
this.frontFile = files//压缩后的文件流
})
},
afterReadf (event) {
this.cardimgf = event.content
imgPreview(event.file,(files)=>{
this.backFile = files//压缩后的文件流
})
},
通过以上写法拿到压缩后的文件流,然后通过formData传参给后台就行了。