1.什么是MyBatis?
MyBatis是一个半自动的ORM(Object-relational mapping),中文翻译为对象关系映射持久层框架。
1.1 ORM具体指什么?
Object Relation Mapping,对象关系映射。对象指的是Java对象,关系则指数据库中的关系模型,对象关系映射,就是指Java对象和数据库的关系模型之间建立一种对应关系,Java中Clazz类,则对应着数据库中一个表Clazz,类中属性和表中的列一一对应。一个Clazz对象就对应着student表中的一行数据。
1.2 MyBatis是半自动ORM框架
在使用MyBatis进行开发时,需要手动编写SQL语句全自动的ORM框架则不需要编写SQL语句,只需要定义好ORM映射关系,就可以直接进行CRUD操作了。正是因为MyBatis需要手写SQL语句,所以它具有很高的灵活性。但与JDBC相比它提供了输入映射和输出映射,可以很方便的进行SQL参数设置,和结果的集成封装。还提供了关联查询和动态SQL等功能,极大提升开发的效率。
2.MyBatis的特点。
它具有较高的SQL灵活性支持高级映射(1对1,1对多,多对多),动态sql,延迟加载和缓存等特性,但它的数据库无关性比较低。
3.MyBatis的使用步骤
1.在本地mysql上建一个db_test库
创建商品表
2.打开IDEA,创建maven项目,导入依赖包,创建商品类
3.编写mapper中实体类的接口
Mapper
@Mapper是mybatis自身带的注解。在spring程序中,mybatis需要找到对应的mapper,在编译时生成动态代理类,与数据库进行交互,这时需要用到@Mapper注解
mybatis中RowBounds实现分页功能
new RowBounds(offset,limit);
RowBounds在处理分页时,只是简单的把offset之前的数据都skip掉,超过limit之后的数据不取出,上图中的代码取自MyBatis中的DefaultResultSetHandler类。跳过offset之前的数据是由方法skipRows处理,判断数据是否超过了limit则是由shouldProcessMoreRows方法进行判断。简单点说道,就是先把数据全部查询到ResultSet,然后从ResultSet中取出offset和limit之间的数据,这就实现了分页查询。
实例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>firstMyBaits</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>firstMyBaits</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
<!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
src/main/resources/mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<!--<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</dataSource>-->
<!-- username 和 password 将会由 properties 元素中设置的相应值来替换。 driver 和 url 属性将会由 config.properties 文件中对应的值来替换。这样就为配置提供了诸多灵活选择。-->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_test?serverTimezone=UTC"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/usermapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
src/main/resources/applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhao"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_test?serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="123456"></property>
</bean>
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zhao.mapper"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
User
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String pwd;
}
注释方法:
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
@Insert("insert into tb_user (username,pwd) value(#{u.username},#{u.pwd})")
int insertUser(@Param("u") User user);
int update(@Param("u") User user);
User selectUser(int id)
@Insert("insert into tb_user (username,pwd) value(#{u.username},#{u.pwd})")
int insertUser(@Param("u") User user);
//是注解的写法
usermapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhao.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="insertUser" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyColumn="id" keyProperty="id">
insert into tb_user (username, pwd)
values (#{u.username}, #{u.pwd});
</insert>
<update id="update">
update
tb_user
<set>
<if test="u.username!=null">
username = #{u.username},
</if>
<if test="u.pwd!=null">
pwd =#{u.pwd},
</if>
</set>
<where>
id = #{u.id}
</where>
</update>
</mapper>
使用main方法中
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserMapper mapper = context.getBean(UserMapper.class);
User u = new User();
u.setUsername("zj");
u.setPwd("666");
mapper.insertUser(u);