TCP服务器代码讲解

本人手撕一段，很多地方没有判断清楚，不利于调试

/* ************************************************************************
 *       Filename:  01tcp_server.c
 *    Description:  
 *        Version:  1.0
 *        Created:  2019骞?2鏈?2鏃?10鏃?2鍒?7绉?
 *       Revision:  none
 *       Compiler:  gcc
 *         Author:  YOUR NAME (), 
 *        Company:  
 * ************************************************************************/


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	//创建套接字
	int lfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	//绑定端口和ip
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addr.sin_port = htons(8000);
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	//把0赋给ip地址，绑定的是通配地址，把本机有的ip全都邦定上（偷懒）
	
	inet_pton(AF_INET,"192.168.21.37",&addr.sin_addr.s_addr);//正常写法，点分十进制串转大端
	int ret = bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr));
	if(ret < 0)//判断一下是否绑定成功，断点调试
	{
		perror("");
		exit(0);

	}
	//监听是否接入
	listen(lfd,128);
	//完成三次握手，接入连接
	struct sockaddr_in cliaddr;//客户端结构体套接字，因为是接入的所以不用端口和ip在客户端那里写了
	socklen_t len = sizeof(cliaddr);//长度的地址
	int cfd = accept(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,&len);//返回一个新的套接字描述符
	char ip[16]="";
	printf("new client ip=%s port=%d\n",inet_ntop(AF_INET,&cliaddr.sin_addr.s_addr,ip,16),ntohs(cliaddr.sin_port));//打印一下ip和端口，返回到数组地址中去
	//俩种字节序的转换
	//读写
	char buf[1024]="";
	while(1)
	{
		bzero(buf,sizeof(buf));//清空函数，把buf地址中内存清空，和memset是一样的
	//	int n = read(STDIN_FILENO,buf,sizeof(buf));从键盘读取，写在套接字中
		write(cfd,buf,n);
		int n =0;
		n = read(cfd,buf,sizeof(buf));
		if(n ==0 )//没有读到字默认客户端关闭 
		{
			printf("client close\n");
			break;
		}
		printf("%s\n",buf);
	
	}
	//俩个套接字都要关闭
	close(lfd);
	close(cfd);
	return 0;
}

包裹函数写法

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <strings.h>

void perr_exit(const char *s)
{
	perror(s);
	exit(-1);
}

int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr)
{
	int n;

again:
	if ((n = accept(fd, sa, salenptr)) < 0) {
		if ((errno == ECONNABORTED) || (errno == EINTR))//如果是被信号中断和软件层次中断,不能退出
			goto again;
		else
			perr_exit("accept error");
	}
	return n;
}

int Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
    int n;

	if ((n = bind(fd, sa, salen)) < 0)
		perr_exit("bind error");

    return n;
}

int Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
    int n;

	if ((n = connect(fd, sa, salen)) < 0)
		perr_exit("connect error");

    return n;
}

int Listen(int fd, int backlog)
{
    int n;

	if ((n = listen(fd, backlog)) < 0)
		perr_exit("listen error");

    return n;
}

int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol)
{
	int n;

	if ((n = socket(family, type, protocol)) < 0)
		perr_exit("socket error");

	return n;
}

ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
	ssize_t n;

again:
	if ( (n = read(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
		if (errno == EINTR)//如果是被信号中断,不应该退出
			goto again;
		else
			return -1;
	}
	return n;
}

ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
	ssize_t n;

again:
	if ( (n = write(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
		if (errno == EINTR)
			goto again;
		else
			return -1;
	}
	return n;
}

int Close(int fd)
{
    int n;
	if ((n = close(fd)) == -1)
		perr_exit("close error");

    return n;
}

/*参三: 应该读取固定的字节数数据*/
ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n)
{
	size_t  nleft;              //usigned int 剩余未读取的字节数
	ssize_t nread;              //int 实际读到的字节数
	char   *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	nleft = n;

	while (nleft > 0) {
		if ((nread = read(fd, ptr, nleft)) < 0) {
			if (errno == EINTR)
				nread = 0;
			else
				return -1;
		} else if (nread == 0)
			break;

		nleft -= nread;
		ptr += nread;
	}
	return n - nleft;
}
/*:固定的字节数数据*/
ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n)
{
	size_t nleft;
	ssize_t nwritten;
	const char *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	nleft = n;
	while (nleft > 0) {
		if ( (nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0) {
			if (nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)
				nwritten = 0;
			else
				return -1;
		}

		nleft -= nwritten;
		ptr += nwritten;
	}
	return n;
}

static ssize_t my_read(int fd, char *ptr)
{
	static int read_cnt;
	static char *read_ptr;
	static char read_buf[100];

	if (read_cnt <= 0) {
again:
		if ( (read_cnt = read(fd, read_buf, sizeof(read_buf))) < 0) {
			if (errno == EINTR)
				goto again;
			return -1;
		} else if (read_cnt == 0)
			return 0;
		read_ptr = read_buf;
	}
	read_cnt--;
	*ptr = *read_ptr++;

	return 1;
}

ssize_t Readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen)
{
	ssize_t n, rc;
	char    c, *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	for (n = 1; n < maxlen; n++) {
		if ( (rc = my_read(fd, &c)) == 1) {
			*ptr++ = c;
			if (c  == '\n')
				break;
		} else if (rc == 0) {
			*ptr = 0;
			return n - 1;
		} else
			return -1;
	}
	*ptr  = 0;

	return n;
}

int tcp4bind(short port,const char *IP)
{
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    int lfd = Socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    bzero(&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
    if(IP == NULL){
        //如果这样使用 0.0.0.0,任意ip将可以连接
        serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    }else{
        if(inet_pton(AF_INET,IP,&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr) <= 0){
            perror(IP);//转换失败
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port   = htons(port);
   // int opt = 1;
	//setsockopt(lfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));

    Bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
    return lfd;
}