应用：一元多项式的表示与相加

实验完整代码  

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>

typedef struct node{
	float coef;//系数
	int index;//指数
	struct node *next;
} Polylist;

//头插法建单链表
Polylist *CreateT(){
	Polylist *head,*s;
	float x;
	int y;
	int i=1;
	head=(Polylist *)malloc(sizeof(Polylist));
	head->coef=1;
	head->index=99999;
	head->next=NULL;
	printf("请输入第%d项系数与指数：\n",i);
	scanf("%f %d",&x,&y);
	while(x!=0){
		s=(Polylist *)malloc(sizeof(Polylist));
		s->coef=x;
		s->index=y;
		s->next=head->next;
		head->next=s;
		i++;
		printf("请输入第%d项系数与指数：\n",i);
		scanf("%f %d",&x,&y);
	}
	return head;
}

//尾插法建单链表(仅仅练习下写法，不适用)
Polylist *CreateW(){
	Polylist *head,*r,*s;
	float x;
	int y;
	int i=1;
	head=(Polylist *)malloc(sizeof(Polylist));
	head->coef=1;
	head->index=99999;
	head->next=NULL;
	r=head;
	printf("请输入第%d项系数与指数：\n",i);
	scanf("%f %d",&x,&y);
	while(x!=0){
		s=(Polylist *)malloc(sizeof(Polylist));
		s->coef=x;
		s->index=y;
		r->next=s;
		r=s;
		i++;
		printf("请输入第%d项系数与指数：\n",i);
		scanf("%f %d",&x,&y);
	}
	r->next=NULL;
	return head;
}

//两个多项式相加
void AddPoly(Polylist *heada,Polylist *headb){
	Polylist *pa,*pb;
	Polylist *pre,*r;//pre标记当前pa结点前去结点，r标记当前pb结点后继结点
	float x;
	pa=heada->next;
	pb=headb->next;
	pre=heada;
	while(pa!=NULL && pb!=NULL){
		if(pa->index<pb->index){ //pa结点指数小于pb结点指数
			pre=pa;
			pa=pre->next;//后移pa结点 
		}
		else if(pa->index==pb->index){ //pa结点指数等于pb结点指数
			x=pa->coef+pb->coef;
			if(x==0) { //系数相加等于0
				pre->next=pa->next;
				free(pa);
			}
			else{ //系数相加不等0
				pa->coef=x;
				pre=pa;
			}
			pa=pre->next;//pa指针后移
			r=pb;
			pb=r->next;//pb指针后移 
			free(r);
		}
		else if(pa->index>pb->index){ //pa结点指数大于pb结点指数
			r=pb->next;
			pre->next=pb;
			pb->next=pa;//pb结点插入pa结点前
			pre=pb;
			pb=r;
		}
	}
	if(pb!=NULL){ //pb中有剩余结点连接在pa后 
		pre->next=pb;//思考为什么不是pa->next=pb?(此时pa==NULL) 
	}
	free(pb); //删除剩下的pb结点 
}

//遍历多项式
void Show(Polylist *head){
	Polylist *p;
	p=head->next;
	while(p->next!=NULL){
		printf("%.1fX%d+",p->coef,p->index);
		p=p->next;
	}
	printf("%.1fX%d\n",p->coef,p->index);
}

//测试
int main(){
	Polylist *la,*lb;
	
	printf("请输入第一个一元多项式(ListA)的系数与指数，以0结束所有输入：\n");
	la=CreateW();
	printf("ListA:\n");
	Show(la);
	
	printf("\n请输入第二个一元多项式(ListB)的系数与指数，以0结束所有输入：\n");
	lb=CreateW();
	printf("ListB:\n");
	Show(lb);
	
	printf("\nListA与ListB两个一元多项式的和为：\n");
	AddPoly(la,lb);
	printf("ListA+ListB:\n");
	Show(la); 
} 

实验结果