Centos7 磁盘空间不足扩容

Centos7 磁盘空间不足扩容

Centos7.6

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1-磁盘扩容

将原有盘扩容

列出所有可用块设备的信息

[root@192 ~]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  1900G  0 disk                           #刚扩容的1800G已经加到sda磁盘
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   19G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   17G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  

查看服务器磁盘信息

[root@192 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1900.4 GB, 1907374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors    #刚扩容的1800G已经加到sda磁盘
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c5f41

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

查看原磁盘容量

[root@192 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   17G  1.5G   16G   9% /						# /dev/mapper/centos-root容量17G
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   12M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               1014M  142M  873M  14% /boot
tmpfs                    781M     0  781M   0% /run/user/0

#Filesystem：	文件系统的名称
#Size：			文件系统的总容量
#Used：			已使用的磁盘空间
#Avail：		可用的磁盘空间。
#Use%：			已使用空间占总空间的百分比
#Mounted on：	文件系统的挂载点（即文件系统所在目录）

2.磁盘分区

进行磁盘分区

p primary: 主分区
e extended: 扩展分区
p 是列表查看分区信息
w 退出

[root@192 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): n                                                     # n:表示新建分区
Partition type:
   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p                                                       # p:创建主分区
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3                                        # 3:分区号为3
First sector (41943040-19209715199, default 41943040):                      # 柱面从41943040开始
Using default value 41943040                                                        
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (41943040-19209715199):  				# 柱面最大19209715199
Using default value 19209715199
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 80 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p                                                     # p：查看分区信息

Disk /dev/sda: 1800.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000c5f41

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3        41943040   209715199    83886080   83  Linux               # 已分区sda3

Command (m for help): w                                                     # w：保存(按照以上分区信息写入磁盘)

刷新磁盘分区

[root@192 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda

查看硬盘信息

[root@192 ~]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  1900G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2            8:2    0   19G  0 part 
│ ├─centos-root 253:0    0   17G  0 lvm  /
│ └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
└─sda3            8:3    0   1800G  0 part                                  # 第三分区已创建
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom 

创建物理卷

[root@192 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

查看物理卷

[root@192 ~]#  pvdisplay /dev/sda3
  "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "80.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               
  PV Size               80.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               vAisVP-0olP-8ACu-6XZs-NlRM-dpv7-e10KsJ

3.卷组

vgdisplay 为空，说明无卷组，有卷组和无卷组操作有差异，注意看自己是哪一种

3.1有卷组

查看卷组

[root@192 ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos                      #centos卷组名
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <19.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4863
  Alloc PE / Size       4863 / <19.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               Ozigc7-SRYy-3vzx-cNcc-IYJm-lGu4-M23j0L

将物理卷加入卷组(centos卷组名)

[root@192 ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda3
  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

查看逻辑卷

[root@192 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/centos/root
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                Fa9Ff5-wh4x-ZK2C-riAo-Za00-629r-jolBLE
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2020-06-26 14:21:32 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <1800.00 GiB
  Current LE             4351
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

将100%空余空间加入逻辑卷(centos/root是逻辑卷)

[root@192 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <1800.00 GiB to 1800.99 GiB (24830 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

重新识别逻辑分区大小

[root@192 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1113856 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=4455424, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4455424 to 25425920

如出现xfs_growfs: /dev/system/root is not a mounted XFS filesystem

#查看/dev/centos/root挂载在哪里
suse-oracle1:~ # df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                 871M     0  871M   0% /dev
tmpfs                     14G   80K   14G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    886M   11M  876M   2% /run
tmpfs                    886M     0  886M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/centos/root         15G   11G   4.8G   69% /										# /
tmpfs                    178M   16K  178M   1% /run/user/474
tmpfs                    178M     0  178M   0% /run/user/0

重新识别逻辑分区大小

[root@yw ~]# xfs_growfs /

查看磁盘是否扩容

[root@192 ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail   Use%    Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   97G  1.5G  1900G  2%      /
devtmpfs                 3.8G     0  3.8G   0%      /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0%      /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G   12M  3.8G   1%      /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0%      /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1               1014M  142M  873M  14%      /boot
tmpfs                    781M     0  781M   0%      /run/user/0

3.2无卷组

查看卷组

[root@192 ~]# vgdisplay             #卷组为空

查看逻辑分区

[root@192 ~]# lvdisplay             #逻辑分区为空

创建卷组

[root@192 ~]# vgcreate centos /dev/sda3
  Volume group "centos" successfully created

创建逻辑卷

[root@192 ~]# lvcreate -L 1800G -n root centos
  Logical volume "root" created.

格式化逻辑分区

[root@192 ~]# mkfs.xfs  /dev/centos/root
#扩展已有卷的容量并同步到文件系统

扩展

[root@192 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/centos-root

重新识别centos大小

[root@192 ~]# fs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root

创建挂载点

[root@192 ~]# mkdir /temp

新增逻辑分区，挂在到了 /temp 目录

#逻辑分区 /dev/centos/root 变成了 /dev/mapper/centos-root
[root@192 ~]# mount /dev/centos/root /temp

永久挂载

[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
#新添：
/dev/mapper/centos-root /temp xfs defaults 0 0