day3 课堂笔记 网络编程

今日内容大纲

1. 单次通信
2. 通信循环
3. 链接、通信循环
4. 执行远端命令

1.单次通信

• listen(n)

  import socket
  
  # 基于网络的TCP协议
  server = socket.socket()
  
  server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8848))# 8848为端口号计算机共有65535个端口号。
  # 127.0.0.1回环地址,只允许本机自己连接
  
  # 待机等待其他人连接
  server.listen(5)
  conn, addr = server.accept() # 阻塞,当有客户端连接，将运行之后代码
  print(111)
  

  listen(n) 是控制客户端链接服务端的具体数量，也就是控制的进入半链接池的客户端的数量。
  具体运行时，连入数量为（n+1）个，一个与服务端正常通信，n和与服务端处于半连接状态，等待第一个与服务端通信完成后，第二个再与服务端通信，排队顺序为客户端的连入顺序。

  • 没有启动服务端，而先启动客户端会报错

  • 先启动服务端，在启动客户端
    

    • 服务端代码

      import socket
      
      
      server = socket.socket()
      
      server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8848))
      
      server.listen(5)
      print(1111)
      ret = server.accept()
      
      conn, addr = ret #分别赋值， conn指代的是管道，addr客户端地址
      
      from_client_data = conn.recv(1024)
      print(f'{addr}客户端的消息：{from_client_data.decode("utf-8")}')
      
      conn.send(from_client_data.upper())
      
      conn.close()
      server.close()客户端
      

    • 客户端代码

      import socket
      
      client = socket.socket()
      
      client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8848))
      
      client.send('hello'.encode('utf-8'))
      from_server_data = client.recv(1024)
      print(from_server_data)
      
      client.close()
      

2. 通信循环

• 服务端代码

  import socket
  
  server = socket.socket()
  
  server.bind('127.0.0.1',8848)
  
  server.listen(5)
  
  conn, addr = server.accept()
  
  while 1:
  	try:
  		from_client_data = conn.recv(1024)
  		if from_client_data.upper() ==b'Q':
  			break
  		print(f'{addr}客户端的消息：{from_client_data.decode("utf-8")}')
  		to_client_data = input('>>')
  		conn.send(to_client_data.encode('utf-8'))
  	except ConnectionResetError:
  		break
  		
  conn.close()
  server.close()
  

• 客户端代码

  import socket
  
  client = socket.socket()
  
  client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8848))
  while 1:
  	to_server_data = input('>>')
  	client.send(to_server_data.encode('utf-8'))
  	if to_server_data.upper() == 'Q':
  		break
  	from_server_data = client.recv(1024)
  	print(f"服务端说：{from_server_data.decode('utf-8')}")
  	
  client.close()
  

3. 链接+ 通讯循环

• 服务端代码

  import socket
  
  server = socket.socket()
  
  server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8848))
  
  server.listen(5)
  while 1:
  	conn, addr = server.accept()
  	while 1:
  		try:
  			from_client_data = conn.recv(1024)
  			if from_client_data.upper() == b'Q':
  				break
  			print(f'{addr[1]}客户端的消息：{from_client_data.decode("utf-8")})
  			to_client_data = input('>>')
  			conn.send(to_client_data.encode('utf-8'))
  		except ConnectionResetError:
  			break
  	conn.close()
  server.close()
  

• 客户端代码

  import socket
  
  client = socket.socket()
  
  client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8848))
  while 1:
  	to_server_data = input('>>')
  	client.send(to_server_data.encode('utf-8'))
  	if to_server_data.upper() == 'Q':
  		break
  	from_server_data = client.recv(1024)
  	print(f"服务端说：{from_server_data.decode('utf-8')}")
  client.close()
  

4. 执行远端命令

• subprocess

  执行命令，获取结果

  import subprocess
  obj = subprocess.Popen('ipconfig',
  						shell = True,
  						stdout = subprocess.PIPE,
  						stderr = subprocess.PIPE)
  						
  print(obj.stdout.read().decode('gbk')) # 正确命令
  print(obj.stderr.read().decode('gbk')) # 错误命令
  

• 服务端代码

  import socket
  import subprocess
  
  server = socket.socket()
  
  server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8848))
  
  server.listen(5)
  while 1:
  	conn, addr = server.accept()
  	while 1:
  		try:
  			from_client_cmd = conn.recv(1024)
  			if from_client_cmd.upper() == b'Q'
  				break
  			obj = subprocess.Popen(from_client_cmd.decode('utf-8'),
  			shell = True,
  			stdout = subprocess.PIPE,
  			stderr = subprocess.PIPE)
  			result = obj.stdout.read().decode('gbk') + obj.stderr.read().decode('gbk')
  			conn.send(result.encode('utf-8'))
  			
  		except ConnectionResetError:
  			break
  	conn.close()
  server.close()
  

• 客户端代码

  import socket
  
  client = socket.socket()
  
  client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8848))
  
  while 1:
  	to_server_data = input('请输入命令>>')
  	client.send(to_server_data.encode('utf-8'))
  	if to_server_data.upper() == 'Q':
  		break
  	from_server_data = client.recv(1024)
  	print(f'结果：{from_server_data.decode("utf-8")')
  client.close()