Java异常体系图

异常处理

异常体系图

异常分量大类

1. 编译异常(需程序员自己处理)
2. 运行异常

五大运行时异常

1. NumberformatException
2. ClassCastException
3. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
4. ArthmeticException
5. NullPointerException

常见写法

    // #1
    try {
        
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        
    }
    
    // #2
    try {
        
    } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NullPointerException e) {
        e.printStackTrace(); // ...catch
    } finally {
        
    }
    
    // #3
    try {
        
    } catch () {
        
    }
    
    // #4
    try {
            
    } finally {
        
    }

throws 将异常抛出,交给上层处理

异常不处理也可以抛出

void method() throws FileNotFoundException, ArithmeticException, StackOverflowError, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, ClassCastException {

}

方法被重写时，子类异常要是父类异常的子类或者和父类异常一样

throws 和 throw 的区别， throws是异常处理的一种方法，throw是抛出生成的异常对象

一些demo

package edu.chen._exception;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author Rw-chen
 * @version 0.1
 */

class FileTest {
    public static void test() throws Exception {
        FileInputStream fs = new FileInputStream("D:\\8069ac814fc0d5c9152ec8e871e70735\\目录说明.txt");
        System.out.println(fs);
    }

}

class MyException extends RuntimeException {
    public MyException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

public class Main {
    static Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    static int intputInteger(int age) throws MyException {
        if (!(age >= 18 && age <= 120)) throw new MyException("年龄在18到120间");
        int ret;
        System.out.println("请输入一个整数");
        while (true) {
            try {
                ret = Integer.parseInt(sc.next());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("输入的不合法，请重新输入");
                continue;
            }
            return ret;
        }
    }

    void method() throws FileNotFoundException, ArithmeticException, StackOverflowError, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, ClassCastException {

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        FileTest.test(20);
        System.out.println(String.class);
        System.out.println("abc".getClass().getName());


        System.out.println(intputInteger(0));

        int x = 10;
        try {
//            int a  = 10 / 0;
            String s = null;
            s.getBytes();
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally");
        }
    }
}