3. Windows下的网络编程

windows下没有write read函数，没有一切皆文件的概念

shutclose函数与close、closesocket函数有啥不同？
在于shutdown仅仅是关闭网络连接，但却没有释放为了网络通信而申请的系统资源。

ws232.lib：支持socket

// Server.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <winsock2.h>

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    SOCKET server = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in saddr = {0};
    SOCKET client = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in caddr = {0};
    int asize = 0;
    int len = 0;
    char buf[32] = {0};
    int r = 0;

    WSADATA wd = {0};

    if( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wd) != 0 )
    {
        printf("startup error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    server = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);

    if( server == INVALID_SOCKET )
    {
        printf("server socket error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    saddr.sin_port = htons(8888);

    if( bind(server, (struct sockaddr*)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR )
    {
        printf("server bind error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if( listen(server, 1) == SOCKET_ERROR )
    {
        printf("server bind error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    printf("server start success\n");

    while( 1 )
    {
        asize = sizeof(caddr);

        client = accept(server, (struct sockaddr*)&caddr, &asize);

        if( client == INVALID_SOCKET )
        {
            printf("client accept error\n");
            return -1;
        }

        printf("client: %d\n", client);

        do
        {
            r = recv(client, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

            if( r > 0 )
            {
                printf("Receive: %s\n", buf);

                if( strcmp(buf, "quit") != 0 )
                {
                    len = send(client, buf, r, 0);
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }
            }

        } while ( r > 0 );

        closesocket(client);
    }
    
    closesocket(server);

    WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

// Client.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <winsock2.h>

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    SOCKET sock = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in addr = {0};
    int len = 0;
    char buf[128] = {0};
    char input[32] = {0};
    int r = 0;

    WSADATA wd = {0};

    if( WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wd) != 0 )
    {
        printf("startup error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);

    if( sock == INVALID_SOCKET )
    {
        printf("socket error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    addr.sin_port = htons(8888);

    if( connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == SOCKET_ERROR )
    {
        printf("connect error\n");
        return -1;
    }

    printf("connect success\n");

    while( 1 )
    {
        printf("Input: ");

        scanf("%s", input);

        len = send(sock, input, strlen(input) + 1, 0);

        r = recv(sock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);

        if( r > 0 )
        {
            printf("Receive: %s\n", buf);
        }
        else
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    closesocket(sock);
    
    WSACleanup();

	return 0;
}

红框框中仅仅是windows中的推荐用法…不这么用也可以的，就像Linux那用也是兼容的。但是Linux中的用法比Windows中的推荐用法for循环次数多，效率低下。