1.1 IP
IP 在java中的class
InetAddress 无构造器 无需new
package com.shy.lesson1;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class TestInetAddress {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
///查询本机地址
InetAddress inetAddress1=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
System.out.println(inetAddress1);
InetAddress inetAddress3=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
System.out.println(inetAddress3);
InetAddress inetAddress4=InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
System.out.println(inetAddress4);
查询网站ip地址
InetAddress inetAddress2=InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
System.out.println(inetAddress2);
常用方法
// System.out.println(inetAddress2.getAddress());
// System.out.println(inetAddress2.getCanonicalHostName());///获取规范名字 ip值
System.out.println(inetAddress2.getHostAddress());
System.out.println(inetAddress2.getHostName());
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
1.2 端口
端口表示计算机上一个程序的进程
不同的进程有不同的端口号!!用来区分软件
被规定 0~65535
端口分类:
共有端口:
0~1023
HTTP:80
HTTPS:443
FTP:21
Telent:23
程序注册端口:
1024~49151, 分配用户或程序
Tomcat: 8080
MySQL :3306
Oracle:1521
动态、私有:
49152~65535
cmd里 netstat -ano 查看所有的端口
newtstat -ano|findstr "5900" 查看指定的端口
ctrl+shift+esc 打开任务管理器
1.3通信协议
网络通信协议:速率,传输码率,传输控制…
1.4 TCP
客户端
1.连接服务器Socket
2.发送消息
服务器
1.建立服务的端口 ServerSocket
2.等待用户的连接accept
3.接受用的消息
package com.shy.lesson2;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
//客户端
public class TcpClientDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Socket socket=null;
OutputStream os=null;
try {
//1.要知道服务器的地址
InetAddress severIp=InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
//2创建端口号
int port=9999;
socket=new Socket(severIp,port);//创建一个socket连接
os=socket.getOutputStream();
os.write("你好!".getBytes());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(os!=null){
try {
os.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(socket!=null){
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
package com.shy.lesson2;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
//服务端
public class TcpServerDemo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerSocket serverSocket=null;
Socket socket=null;
InputStream is=null;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos=null;
try {
//1.我得有一个地址
serverSocket=new ServerSocket(9999);
//2.请求客户端连接过来
socket=serverSocket.accept();
//3.读取客户端的消息
is=socket.getInputStream();
//管道流
baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
baos.write(buffer,0,len);
}
System.out.println(baos.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
///关闭资源
if(baos!=null) {
try {
baos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(is!=null){
try {
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(socket!=null) {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (serverSocket!=null) {
try {
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//System.out.println("It is over!");
}
}