CH3 列表简介

playlist for today: Super Junior Balled Songs

Tasks

• 什么是列表
• 如何使用列表元素

3.1 What is list

consist of: 一系列按照特定顺序排列的元素
用[]表示列表，用,分隔列表中的元素

定义和输出列表

tnt = ['mjq','dcx','syx','lyw','zzy','yhx','hjl']
print(tnt)

访问列表元素
列表->有序集合，访问元素->指出列表名称和元素索引

#3.1.1
print(tnt[1])
print(tnt[1].upper())
print("the back of sdsnt is " + tnt[-1].upper())

索引从0开始

3.2 修改、添加和删除元素

列表大多数是动态的

修改列表元素
指定列表名和元素的索引，再指定新值

print(tnt)
tnt[0] = 'magic'
print(tnt)

添加元素

• append()method - 在末尾添加

tnt.append('zzx')
print(tnt)

tnt = []
tnt.append('mjq')
tnt.append('dcx')
tnt.append('syx')
tnt.append('lyw')
tnt.append('zzy')
tnt.append('yhx')
tnt.append('hjl')
print(tnt)

• insert() method - 插入元素

tnt.insert(0,'sdsnt')
print(tnt)

删除元素

1. del 语句 - 知道元素的位置的情况
2. pop() method - 弹出列表末尾元素，并储存至另一list
   • 类比：列表->栈，删除列表末尾的元素->弹出栈顶元素
3. pop method - 弹出位于任何位置的元素
4. remove() method - 根据值删除元素
   • 只能删除第一个指定的值，如果指定值反复出现，则需要使用循环语句

# delete
del tnt[0]
print(tnt)

# pop
tnt_back = tnt.pop() #save the poped value into a new list
print(tnt) 
print("back of tnt is " + tnt_back)

tnt_top = tnt.pop(0)
print(tnt)
print("top of tnt is " + tnt_top)

# remove
tnt.remove('yhx')
print(tnt)

tnt = ['mjq','dcx','syx','lyw','zzy','yhx','hjl']
print(tnt)

back_n_forth = 'yhx'
tnt.remove(back_n_forth)
print('\n' + back_n_forth.upper() + " is remove as a traitor")

practice

# practice
# hostess = input("your name please: ")
hostess = 'syx'
guests = [tnt[0], tnt[3],'azy']
print('\nORIGINAL GUESTS-------\n' + str(guests))

print('\nINVITATIONS FROM ' + hostess + '-------')
msg1 = ('hi ')
msg2 = (', this is ' + hostess + ',\n\twould you like to throw a party tomorrow? It would be great if you could join us. \n\t<3.')
for guest in guests:
    print(msg1 + guest.upper() + msg2)

msg3 = (' is busy with work.')
busy = 'azy'
guests.remove(busy)
print(busy.upper() + msg3)

guests.append('zzy')
print('\nNEW GUESTS------\n' + str(guests))
print('\nNEW INVITATIONS FROM ' + hostess + '-------')
for guest in guests:
    print(msg1 + guest.upper()+ msg2)

print("\nI've book a new bar, so we can have more guests")
guestsnew = ['dcx', 'yhx', 'hjl']
guests.insert(1,'dcx')
guests.insert(5,'yhx')
guests.append('hjl')
print('NEW GUESTS FROM TNT-------\n' + str(guests))
print('\nNEW INVITATIONS FOR TNT-------')
for guest in guests:
    print(msg1 + guest.upper()+ msg2)

#
print('\nWe can have only two guests in the party')
print('APOLOGISE-------')
while len(guests) > 2:
    poped = guests.pop()
    # print(guests)
    msg4 = ('Sorry, ')
    msg5 = (". \n\tThe party is cancelled, let's hang out together next time when you are free.")
    print(msg4 + poped.upper() + msg5)

print('\nINVITATIONS-------')
for guest in guests:
    print(msg1 + guest.upper() + msg2)

print('\nthe length of guests is ' + str(len(guests)))

3.3 组织列表

sort()method永久性排序
sorted()function临时排序
reverse()method翻转列表元素顺序
len()function确定列表长度

code

# 3.3 organize
tnt = ['mjq','dcx','syx','lyw','zzy','yhx','hjl']
print(tnt)
guests = tnt
print('\n' + str(guests))

guests.sort()
# the sort of tnt is changed as well, why?
print('ascending alphabetical: ' + str(guests))
guests.sort(reverse = True)
print('descending alphabetical: '+ str(guests))

tnt = ['mjq','dcx','syx','lyw','zzy','yhx','hjl']
guests = tnt
print('\nalphabetical list: '+ str(sorted(guests)))
print('reverse alpha list: ' + str(sorted(guests, reverse=True)))
print('the original list: ' + str(guests))

tnt.reverse()
print('\nreverse TNT is:')
print(tnt)

len(tnt)
print('\nThere are ' +str(len(tnt)) + ' members in TNT')

3.4 避免索引错误

• python索引时，从0计数

to sum up

method:
append(), insert(),
pop(), remove(),
sort(), reverse()

sentence:
del

function:
sorted(), len()