彩色空间转换

一．实验项目名称

彩色空间转换

二．实验目的

1．学会从计算和程序的角度分析问题
通过完成本实验，理解计算思维，即从问题出发，通过逐步分析和分解，把原问题转化为可用程序方式解决的问题。在此过程中设计出一个解决方案。
2．进一步理解彩色空间的概念并掌握不同彩色空间转换的基本方程。
3. 通过逐步运行程序，掌握编程细节：如查找表的设计，内存分配，对 U 和 V 信号进行下采样，文件读写过程等。掌握程序调试的基本方法。

三．实验代码

Main.cpp:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "yuv2rgb.h"

#define u_int8_t	unsigned __int8
#define u_int		unsigned __int32
#define u_int32_t	unsigned __int32
#define FALSE		false
#define TRUE		true

/*
 * rgb2yuv
 * required arg1 should be the input RAW RGB24 file
 * required arg2 should be the output RAW YUV12 file
 */  
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	/* variables controlable from command line */
	u_int frameWidth = 352;			/* --width=<uint> */
	u_int frameHeight = 240;		/* --height=<uint> */
	bool flip = TRUE;				/* --flip */
	unsigned int i;

	/* internal variables */
	char* rgbFileName = NULL;
	char* yuvFileName = NULL;
	FILE* rgbFile = NULL;
	FILE* yuvFile = NULL;
	u_int8_t* rgbBuf = NULL;
	u_int8_t* yBuf = NULL;
	u_int8_t* uBuf = NULL;
	u_int8_t* vBuf = NULL;
	u_int32_t videoFramesWritten = 0;

	/* begin process command line */
	/* point to the specified file names */
	yuvFileName = argv[1];
	rgbFileName = argv[2];

	frameWidth = atoi(argv[3]);
	frameHeight = atoi(argv[4]);
	
	/* open the RGB file */
	yuvFile = fopen(yuvFileName, "rb");
	if (yuvFile == NULL)
	{
		printf("cannot find yuv file\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	else
	{
		printf("The input yuv file is %s\n", yuvFileName);
	}

	/* open the RAW file */
	rgbFile = fopen(rgbFileName, "wb");
	if (rgbFile == NULL)
	{
		printf("cannot find rgb file\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	else
	{
		printf("The output yuv file is %s\n", rgbFileName);
	}

	/* get an input buffer for a frame */
	rgbBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc(frameWidth * frameHeight * 3);

	/* get the output buffers for a frame */
	yBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc(frameWidth * frameHeight);
	uBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc((frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4);
	vBuf = (u_int8_t*)malloc((frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4);

	if (rgbBuf == NULL || yBuf == NULL || uBuf == NULL || vBuf == NULL)
	{
		printf("no enought memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	while (fread(rgbBuf, 1, frameWidth * frameHeight * 3, rgbFile)) 
	{
		if(RGB2YUV(frameWidth, frameHeight, rgbBuf, yBuf, uBuf, vBuf, flip))
		{
			printf("error");
			return 0;
					}

		for (i = 0; i < frameWidth*frameHeight; i++)
		{
			if (yBuf[i] < 16) yBuf[i] = 16;
			if (yBuf[i] > 235) yBuf[i] = 235;
		}

		for (i = 0; i < frameWidth*frameHeight/4; i++)
		{
			if (uBuf[i] < 16) uBuf[i] = 16;
			if (uBuf[i] > 240) uBuf[i] = 240;

			if (vBuf[i] < 16) vBuf[i] = 16;
			if (vBuf[i] > 240) vBuf[i] = 240;
		}

		fwrite(yBuf, 1, frameWidth * frameHeight, yuvFile);
		fwrite(uBuf, 1, (frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4, yuvFile);
		fwrite(vBuf, 1, (frameWidth * frameHeight) / 4, yuvFile);

		printf("\r...%d", ++videoFramesWritten);
	}

	printf("\n%u %ux%u video frames written\n", 
		videoFramesWritten, frameWidth, frameHeight);

	/* cleanup */

	fclose(rgbFile);
	fclose(yuvFile);

	return(0);
}

Yuv2rgb.cpp:

#include "stdlib.h"
#include "yuv2rgb.h"

static float YUVRGB14075[256], YUVRGB03455[256], YUVRGB07169[256], YUVRGB1779[256];

int YUV2RGB(int x_dim, int y_dim, void *bmp, void *r_out, void *g_out, void *b_out)
{
	static int init_done = 0;
	long i, j, size;
	unsigned char *r, *g, *b;
	unsigned char *y, *u, *v;
	unsigned char *pu=NULL, *pv=NULL, *psu=NULL, *psv=NULL;
	unsigned char *r_buffer, *g_buffer, *b_buffer, *u_buffer, *v_buffer;
	unsigned char *up_u_buffer, *up_v_buffer;

	if (init_done == 0)
	{
		InitLookupTable();
		init_done = 1;
	}


	// check to see if x_dim and y_dim are divisible by 2
	if ((x_dim % 2) || (y_dim % 2)) return 1;
	size = x_dim * y_dim;

	// allocate memory
	r_buffer = (unsigned char *)r_out;
	g_buffer = (unsigned char *)g_out;
	b_buffer = (unsigned char *)b_out;
	u_buffer = (unsigned char *)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));
	v_buffer = (unsigned char *)malloc(size * sizeof(unsigned char));
	y = (unsigned char *)bmp;
	r = r_buffer;
	g = g_buffer;
	b = b_buffer;
	u = y + size;
	v = y + size * 5 / 4;
	up_u_buffer = u_buffer;
	up_v_buffer = v_buffer;
// 上采样

	for (j = 0; j < y_dim; j++)
	{

		psu = up_u_buffer + j * x_dim;
		psv = up_v_buffer + j * x_dim;
		
		pu = u +((int)(j/2))*(x_dim/2);
		pv = v + ((int)(j/2))*(x_dim/2);
		

		for (i = 0; i < x_dim / 2; i++)
		{
			*psu = *pu;
			psu++;
			*psu = *pu;
			psu++;
			pu++;//前后两个*psu取同一个*pu值
			*psv = *pv;
			psv++;
			*psv = *pv;
			psv++;
			pv++;//前后两个*psv取同一个*pv值
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
	{
		if(((*up_v_buffer) - 128)>255)

		*r = (int)(*y + YUVRGB14075 [(*up_v_buffer) - 128]);
		*g = (int)(*y - YUVRGB03455 [(*up_u_buffer) - 128] - YUVRGB07169[(*up_v_buffer) - 128]);
		*b = (int)(*y + YUVRGB1779 [(*up_u_buffer) - 128]);

		y++;
		up_u_buffer++;
		up_v_buffer++;
		r++;
		g++;
		b++;
	}

	free(u_buffer);
	free(v_buffer);
	return 0;
}

//查找表
void InitLookupTable()
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB14075[i] = (float)1.402 * i;
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB03455[i] = (float)0.34414 * i;
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB07169[i] = (float)0.71414 * i;
	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) YUVRGB1779[i] = (float)1.772 * i;
}
Yuv2rgb.h:
int YUV2RGB (int x_dim, int y_dim, void *bmp, void *r_out, void *g_out, void *b_out, int flip);

void InitLookupTable();

四．实验结果
将得到的RGB文件转换为YUV文件，用YUV Viewer播放器观看，验证是正确的。

五．实验总结

1. 无法读取PDB文件时在调试-》选项中勾选Microsoft符号服务器；

2. Visio15与Visio10不兼容，错误中有“fopen不安全”就在预处理器中加入“_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS”