如何创建线程?
!!! 文章末尾附带代码理解
方式一:
1.继承Thread类
2.重写run方法编写线程执行体
3.调用start方法开启线程
方式二:
1.实现Runnable接口
2.重写run方法编写线程执行体
3.将执行线程的丢入Runnable接口的实现类,调用start方法
TestThread1 testThread1 = new TestThread1();
testThread1.start();
方式三:
1.实现Callable接口,需要返回值类型
2.重写call方法,需要抛出异常
3.创建目标对象
4.创建执行服务:ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
5.提交执行:Future r1 = ser.submit(t1);
6.获取结果:boolean rs1 = r1.get();
7.关闭服务:ser.shutdown();
特点:
1.可以定义返回值
2.可以抛出异常
总结
继承Thread类
子类继承Thread类具备多线程能力
启动线程:子类对象.start()
不建议使用:避免OOP单继承局限性
实现Runnable接口
实现接口Runnable具备多线程能力
启动线程:传入目标对象+Thread对象.start()
推荐使用:避免单继承局限性,灵活方便,方便同一个对象被多个线程使用
TestThread3 t3 = new TestThread3();
new Thread(t3).start();
通过实现Runnable接口创建多线程能让同一个资源被多个线程使用
例如以下代码,一个对象可以被多个线程使用
Race race = new Race();
new Thread(race,"兔子").start();
new Thread(race,"乌龟").start();
代码理解
1.继承Thread
public class TestThread1 extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
System.out.println("我在创建线程66666666666666666"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//main线程,主线程
//创建一个线程对象
TestThread1 testThread1 = new TestThread1();
testThread1.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("我在学习线程"+i);
}
}
}
2.实现Runnable接口(使用 FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));需要导入commons-io-2.6.jar)
//通过Runnable接口,实现多线程同步下载图片
public class TestThread2 implements Runnable{
private String url;//网络地址
private String name;//保存文件名
public TestThread2(String url,String name) {
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
@Override
public void run() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载了文件名为:"+name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url1 = "https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210416183056982.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NjM2NzQ1MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center";
String url2 = "https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210416183056982.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NjM2NzQ1MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center";
String name1 = "图片1.jpg";
String name2 = "图片2.jpg";
TestThread2 t1 = new TestThread2(url1,name1);
TestThread2 t2 = new TestThread2(url2,name2);
new Thread(t1).start();
new Thread(t2).start();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
//下载方法
public void downloader(String url,String name){
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("IO异常");
}
}
}
3.实现Callable接口,对下载图片的代码进行改造
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
private String url;//网络地址
private String name;//保存文件名
public TestCallable(String url, String name) {
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public Boolean call() throws Exception {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载了文件名为:"+name);
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
String url1 = "https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210416183056982.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NjM2NzQ1MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center";
String url2 = "https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210416183056982.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80NjM2NzQ1MA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70#pic_center";
String name1 = "图片1.jpg";
String name2 = "图片2.jpg";
TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable(url1, name1);
TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable(url2, name2);
//创建执行服务
ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
//提交执行
Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
//获取结果
boolean rs1 = r1.get();
boolean rs2 = r2.get();
//关闭服务
ser.shutdown();
}
}