gcc汇编释义(1)

原始c++代码

#include <iostream>

int func(int m) {
        return m+5;
}

int main() {
    int s = func(10);
    return 0;
}

使用g++生成的汇编代码

        .file   "1.cpp"
        .text
        .local  _ZStL8__ioinit
        .comm   _ZStL8__ioinit,1,1
        .globl  _Z4funci
        .type   _Z4funci, @function
_Z4funci:
.LFB1731:
        .cfi_startproc
        endbr64
        pushq   %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
        .cfi_offset 6, -16
        movq    %rsp, %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
        movl    %edi, -4(%rbp)
        movl    -4(%rbp), %eax
        addl    $5, %eax
        popq    %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
        ret
        .cfi_endproc
.LFE1731:
        .size   _Z4funci, .-_Z4funci
        .globl  main
        .type   main, @function
main:
.LFB1732:
        .cfi_startproc
        endbr64
        pushq   %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
        .cfi_offset 6, -16
        movq    %rsp, %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
        subq    $16, %rsp
        movl    $10, %edi
        call    _Z4funci
        movl    %eax, -4(%rbp)
        movl    $0, %eax
        leave
        .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
        ret
        .cfi_endproc
.LFE1732:
        .size   main, .-main
        .type   _Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii, @function
_Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii:
.LFB2227:
        .cfi_startproc
        endbr64
        pushq   %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
        .cfi_offset 6, -16
        movq    %rsp, %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
        subq    $16, %rsp
        movl    %edi, -4(%rbp)
        movl    %esi, -8(%rbp)
        cmpl    $1, -4(%rbp)
        jne     .L7
        cmpl    $65535, -8(%rbp)
        jne     .L7
        leaq    _ZStL8__ioinit(%rip), %rax
        movq    %rax, %rdi
        call    _ZNSt8ios_base4InitC1Ev@PLT
        leaq    __dso_handle(%rip), %rax
        movq    %rax, %rdx
        leaq    _ZStL8__ioinit(%rip), %rax
        movq    %rax, %rsi
        movq    _ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev@GOTPCREL(%rip), %rax
        movq    %rax, %rdi
        call    __cxa_atexit@PLT
.L7:
        nop
        leave
        .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
        ret
        .cfi_endproc
.LFE2227:
        .size   _Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii, .-_Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii
        .type   _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z4funci, @function
_GLOBAL__sub_I__Z4funci:
.LFB2228:
        .cfi_startproc
        endbr64
        pushq   %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
        .cfi_offset 6, -16
        movq    %rsp, %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
        movl    $65535, %esi
        movl    $1, %edi
        call    _Z41__static_initialization_and_destruction_0ii
        popq    %rbp
        .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
        ret
        .cfi_endproc
.LFE2228:
        .size   _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z4funci, .-_GLOBAL__sub_I__Z4funci
        .section        .init_array,"aw"
        .align 8
        .quad   _GLOBAL__sub_I__Z4funci
        .hidden __dso_handle
        .ident  "GCC: (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.3.0"
        .section        .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
        .section        .note.gnu.property,"a"
        .align 8
        .long   1f - 0f
        .long   4f - 1f
        .long   5
0:
        .string "GNU"
1:
        .align 8
        .long   0xc0000002
        .long   3f - 2f
2:
        .long   0x3
3:
        .align 8
4:

汇编代码解释

.cfi_startproc

在每个函数的开头，和 .cfi_endproc配合使用

.cfi_startproc is used at the beginning of each function that should have an entry in .eh_frame. It initializes some internal data structures. Don’t forget to close the function by .cfi_endproc.

Unless .cfi_startproc is used along with parameter simple it also emits some architecture dependent initial CFI instructions.

.endbr64

是编译器 给应⽤程序做 CET 标记，预防前向（ call/jmp ）和后向（ ret ）控制流指令劫持。

.cfi_def_cfa_offset offset

.cfi_def_cfa_offset指令在调试信息中声明堆栈指针的更改,您可以看到CFA现在与当前堆栈指针的偏移量为16个字节.

.cfi_def_cfa_offset modifies a rule for computing CFA. Register remains the same, but offset is new. Note that it is the absolute offset that will be added to a defined register to compute CFA address.

.cfi_offset register, offset

Previous value of register is saved at offset offset from CFA.

.cfi_def_cfa_register register

.cfi_def_cfa_register modifies a rule for computing CFA. From now on register will be used instead of the old one. Offset remains the same.

.cfi_def_cfa register, offset

.cfi_def_cfa defines a rule for computing CFA as: take address from register and add offset to it.

标签

.LFB1731，.LFE2228是标签