第五章作业

5-1

写一个程序，定义抽象基类Container，由它派生出三个派生类：Sphere(球体)、Cylinder(圆柱体)、Cube(正方体)。用虚函数分别计算几种图形的表面积和体积。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Container{
protected:
    double radius;
public:
    Container(double ra): radius(ra) {}
    virtual double surface_area() = 0;
    virtual double volume() = 0;

};

class Sphere: public Container
{
public:
    Sphere(double ra): Container(ra) {}
    double surface_area(){
        return (4*3.14*radius*radius);
    }
    double volume(){
        return (4/3*3.14*radius*radius*radius);
    }
};

class Cylinder: public Container
{
protected: 
    double height;
public:
    Cylinder(double ra, double he): Container(ra), height(he){}
    double surface_area(){
        return (3.14*radius*radius*2+(3.14*radius*radius)*height);
    }
    double volume(){
        return (3.14*radius*radius*height);
    }
};

class Cube: public Container
{
public:
    Cube(double ra): Container(ra) {}
    double surface_area(){
        return (radius*radius*4*6);
    }
    double volume(){
        return (radius*radius*radius*8);
    }
};

int main(){
    Cylinder a(20,40);
    cout<< a.volume() << endl;
    Cube b(10);
    cout << b.volume();

}

5-2

（1）建立基类area_cl的两个派生类rectangle 与isosceles ，让每一个派生类都包含一个函数area( )，分别
用来返回矩形与三角形的面积。用构造函数对height与width进行初始化；
（2）写出主程序，用来求height 与width分别为10.0与5.0的矩形面积，以及求height 与width分别为4.0与6.0的三角形面积。
（3）要求通过使用基类指针访问虚函数的方法（即运行时的多态性）分别求出矩形和三角形面积。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
//定义基类
class area_cl  {
protected:
    double height;
    double width;
public:
    area_cl (double r, double s) { height=r; width=s; }
    virtual double area( )=0;
};
//定义子类
class ractangle: public area_cl
{
public:
    ractangle(double r, double s): area_cl(r, s) {}
    double area(){
        return (width*height);
    }
};
//定义子类
class isosceles: public area_cl
{
public:
    isosceles(double r, double s): area_cl(r, s) {}
    double area(){
        return (width*height/2);
    }
};
//主函数
int main(){
    area_cl *p;
    ractangle a(10, 5);     
    cout << a.area() << endl;
    isosceles b(4, 6);
    cout << b.area() << endl;
    p = &a;
    cout << p->area() << endl;
    p = &b;
    cout << p->area();
}

5-3

应用抽象类，求圆、圆内接正方形、圆外切正方形的面积和周长。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class container
{
protected:
    double radius;
public:
    container(double ar): radius(ar) {}
    virtual double area() = 0;
    virtual double perimeter() = 0;
};
//定义圆
class circle: public container
{
public:
    circle(double ar): container(ar) {}
    double area(){
        return (3.14*radius*radius);
    }
    double perimeter(){
        return (2*3.14*radius);
    }
};
//定义内接正方形
class inrectangle: public container
{
public:
    inrectangle(double ra): container(ra) {}
    double area(){
        return (2*radius*radius);
    }
    double perimeter(){
        return (4*1.414*radius);
    }
};
//定义外接正方形
class outrectangle: public container
{
public:
    outrectangle(double ra): container(ra) {}
    double area(){
        return (4*radius*radius);
    }
    double perimeter(){
        return (4*2*radius);
    }
};

int main(){
    circle a(20);
    cout << a.area() << " " << a.perimeter() << endl;
    inrectangle b(20);
    cout << b.area() << " " << b.perimeter() << endl;
    outrectangle c(20);
    cout << c.area() << " " << c.perimeter();
}