DAO模式

什么是DAO模式

DAO(Data Access Object) 数据访问对象是一个面向对象的数据库接口，降低代码间的耦合性，提高代码的可扩展性和维护性。

DAO模式的组成

DAO接口：把对数据库的所有操作定义为抽象方法，可以提供多种实现

DAO实现类：针对不同数据库给出DAO接口定义方法的具体实现

实体类：用于存放与传输对象数据

数据库连接和关闭工具类：避免了数据库连接和关闭代码的重复使用，方便修改

//封装
package Pet;

//宠物实体类
public class Pet {
 int id;
 String name;
 public int getId() {
  return id;
 }
 public void setId(int id) {
  this.id = id;
 }
 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }
 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
}
//PetDAO接口
package Pet;
import java.util.List;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
//DAO模式
public interface PetDAO {
 int save(Pet pet);
 int delect(Pet pet);
 int update(Pet pet);
 List <Pet> select();
 Pet getByName(String name);
 List<Pet> findByName(String name);
 List<Pet> findBytype(String type);
 
// 连接及增删改查方法及读取配置文件方法
package Pet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.omg.CORBA.portable.InputStream;
public class BaseDAO {
 Connection conn = null;
 private static String driver;
 private static String url;
 private static String user;
 private static String password;
 
 
 // 从配置文件中读取连接参数
  
  static{
   init();
  }
 public static void init(){
  
  Properties params =new Properties();
  String configfile="database.properties";
  //加载配置文件到输入流
  InputStream is=(InputStream) BaseDAO.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configfile);
  //从输入流中读取属性列表
  try {
   params.load(is);
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  //根据指定的键获取对应的值
  driver=params.getProperty("driver");
  url=params.getProperty("url");
  user=params.getProperty("user");
  password=params.getProperty("password");
 }
 // 连接
 public Connection getConntion() {
  // 连接
  try {
   Class.forName(driver);
  } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  try {
   conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  System.out.println("建立连接成功！");
  return conn;
 }
 // 返回结果集
       public ResultSet getResultSet(String sql) {
        PreparedStatement ps=null;
        ResultSet rs=null;
        conn=getConntion();
        //获得连接
        try {
   ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
        rs=ps.executeQuery();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
      // TODO Auto-generated catch block
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
  return rs;
 } 
 // 增删改
 public int Update(String sql, Object[] objects) {
  PreparedStatement ps = null;
  int num = 0;
  conn = getConntion();
  try {
   ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  if (objects != null) {
   for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) {
    try {
     ps.setObject(i + 1, objects[i]);
    } catch (SQLException e) {
     // TODO Auto-generated catch block
     e.printStackTrace();
    }
   }
   try {
    num = ps.executeUpdate();
   } catch (SQLException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   } finally {
    closeAll(conn, ps, null);
   }
  }
  return num;
 }
 // 关闭连接
 public void closeAll(Connection conn, PreparedStatement ps, ResultSet rs) {
  if (rs != null) {
  }
  if (ps != null) {
   try {
    ps.close();
   } catch (SQLException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
  if (conn != null) {
   try {
    conn.close();
   } catch (SQLException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }
}
//实现类 DriverManager
package Pet;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Connection;
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;
public class PetDaoimpl  extends BaseDAO implements PetDAO {
 @Override
 public int save(Pet pet) {
  
  String sql="insert into  city values(?,?)";
  Object[] objects={pet.getId(),pet.getName()};
  int result=this.Update(sql, objects);
  System.out.println("添加成功！");
  return result;
 
 }
 @Override
 public int delect(Pet pet) {
  
  String sql="delete from city "+"where id=?";
  Object[] objects={pet.getId()};
  int result=this.Update(sql, objects);
  System.out.println("删除成功！");
  return result;
 
 }
// @Override
 public int update(Pet pet) {
  
  String sql="Update city set name='哈哈'"+"where id=?";
  Object[] objects={pet.getId()};
  int result=this.Update(sql, objects);
  System.out.println("修改成功！");
  return result;
 }
 @Override
 public List<Pet> select(){
  List<Pet> list=null;
  String sql="select * from city";
 ResultSet rs=this.getResultSet(sql);
  list=new ArrayList<Pet>();
  try {
   while (rs.next()) {
    Pet pet=new Pet();
    pet.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
    pet.setName(rs.getString("name"));
    list.add(pet);
   }
  } catch (SQLException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return list;
  
 }
 @Override
 public Pet getByName(String name) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return null;
 }
 @Override
 public List<Pet> findByName(String name) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return null;
 }
 @Override
 public List<Pet> findBytype(String type) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return null;
 }
}

 
}

读取配置文件

Propertise类：
Properties类来读取配置文件。位于java.util包中，继承Hashtable类