解决重复bean问题 “ Spring Boot Autowiring Issue: More Than One Bean ”

解决重复bean问题 “ Spring Boot Autowiring Issue: More Than One Bean ”

问题描述

在Spring Boot项目中遇到以下报错：

Could not autowire. There is more than one bean of 'MenuService' type.
Beans:
menuService (MenuService.java)
menuServiceImpl (MenuServiceImpl.java)

问题分析

1. 实现类和接口类正常，且不存在多个实现类。
2. 通过以下测试代码查询所有的bean，发现有menuService和menuServiceImpl。正常情况下应该只有menuServiceImpl。

测试代码

使用以下代码查询所有bean，并打印名为menuService的bean的定义信息：

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

@SpringBootTest
public class MenuServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Test
    public void testFindBeanDefinition() {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext configurableApplicationContext = (ConfigurableApplicationContext) applicationContext;
        String[] allBeanNames = configurableApplicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String beanName : allBeanNames) {
            if (beanName.equals("menuService")) {
                System.out.println("Bean name: " + beanName);
                System.out.println("Bean definition: " + configurableApplicationContext.getBeanFactory().getBeanDefinition(beanName));
            }
        }
    }
}

发现问题

通过以上测试代码，发现menuService这个bean是由MyBatis扫描时添加的。

Bean definition: Generic bean: class [org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean];

解决方案

将启动类的@MapperScan替换为只扫描mapper接口所在的包：

@MapperScan("top.season66.itea.repository")
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class ITeaApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ITeaApplication.class, args);
    }
}