虚拟总线设备框架笔记(基础版本)
一、结构体详解
①resource结构体
struct resource {
resource_size_t start;
resource_size_t end;
const char *name;
unsigned long flags;
struct resource *parent, *sibling, *child; };
*resource->start 描述设备实体在cpu总线上的线性起始物理地址;
*resource->end 描述设备实体在cpu总线上的线性结尾物理地址;
*resource->name 描述这个设备实体的名称,这个名字开发人员可以随意起,但最好贴切;
*resource->flag 描述这个设备实体的一些共性和特性的标志位;
*指针parent、sibling和child：分别为指向父亲、兄弟和子资源的指针(前四个属性仅代表一个设备实体，但Linux所需要的是管理4G物理总线的所有空间，所以这三个成员能帮助各种设备实体链接在一起);
*该结构体需要引用头文件<linux/ioport.h>;
②platform_device结构体
struct platform_device {
const char *name;
int id;
bool id_auto;
struct device dev;
u32 num_resources;
struct resource *resource;
const struct platform_device_id *id_entry;
char *driver_override; /* Driver name to force a match */
/* MFD cell pointer */
struct mfd_cell *mfd_cell;
/* arch specific additions */
struct pdev_archdata archdata;};
*platform_device->name 设备名称
*platform_device->dev 定义device 结构体
*platform_device->num_resources 设备使用各类资源的数量
*platform_device->resource 设备使用的资源
*该结构体需要引用头文件<linux/platform_device.h>;
③led_operations结构体
struct led_operations {
int (*init) (int which);
int (*ctl) (int which, char status);};
*init 初始化LED, which-哪个LED
*ctl 控制LED, which-哪个LED, status:1-亮,0-灭
*该结构体为自声明
④platform_driver结构体
struct platform_driver {
int (*probe)(struct platform_device *);
int (*remove)(struct platform_device *);
void (*shutdown)(struct platform_device *);
int (*suspend)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state);
int (*resume)(struct platform_device *);
struct device_driver driver;
const struct platform_device_id *id_table;
bool prevent_deferred_probe;
};
*probe 多用于获取resource，创建设备节点
*remove 作用为删除
*该结构体需要引用头文件<linux/platform_device.h>;
⑤file_opertions结构体
*该结构体需要引用头文件<linux/fs.h>;
*此处不作详解，可查看hello驱动详解.
二、虚拟总线框架的搭建
1.板子部分
①resource的定义
static struct resource resources[] = {
{
.start = GROUP_PIN(3,1),
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
.name = "100ask_led_pin",
},
{
.start = GROUP_PIN(5,8),
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
.name = "100ask_led_pin",
},
};
②platform_device的定义
static struct platform_device board_A_led_dev = {
.name = "100ask_led",
.num_resources = ARRAY_SIZE(resources),
.resource = resources,
.dev = {
.release = led_dev_release,
},
};
③入口/注册
static int __init led_dev_init(void)
{
int err;
err = platform_device_register(&board_A_led_dev);
return 0;
}
④出口/删除
static void __exit led_dev_exit(void)
{
platform_device_unregister(&board_A_led_dev);
}
⑤加载
module_init(led_dev_init);
module_exit(led_dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
2.芯片部分
①led_operations的定义
static struct led_operations board_demo_led_opr = {
.init = board_demo_led_init,
.ctl = board_demo_led_ctl,
};
static int board_demo_led_init (int which) /* 初始化LED, which-哪个LED */
{
//printk("%s %s line %d, led %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, which);
```
printk("init gpio: group %d, pin %d\n", GROUP(g_ledpins[which]), PIN(g_ledpins[which]));
switch(GROUP(g_ledpins[which]))
{
case 0:
{
printk("init pin of group 0 ...\n");
break;
}
case 1:
{
printk("init pin of group 1 ...\n");
break;
}
case 2:
{
printk("init pin of group 2 ...\n");
break;
}
case 3:
{
printk("init pin of group 3 ...\n");
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
static int board_demo_led_ctl (int which, char status) /* 控制LED, which-哪个LED, status:1-亮,0-灭 */
{
//printk("%s %s line %d, led %d, %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, which, status ? "on" : "off");
printk("set led %s: group %d, pin %d\n", status ? "on" : "off", GROUP(g_ledpins[which]), PIN(g_ledpins[which]));
```
switch(GROUP(g_ledpins[which]))
{
case 0:
{
printk("set pin of group 0 ...\n");
break;
}
case 1:
{
printk("set pin of group 1 ...\n");
break;
}
case 2:
{
printk("set pin of group 2 ...\n");
break;
}
case 3:
{
printk("set pin of group 3 ...\n");
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
②platform_driver的定义
static int chip_demo_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct resource *res;
int i = 0;
```
while (1)
{
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, i++);
if (!res)
break;
g_ledpins[g_ledcnt] = res->start;
led_class_create_device(g_ledcnt);
g_ledcnt++;
}
return 0;
```
}
static int chip_demo_gpio_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
struct resource *res;
int i = 0;
```
while (1)
{
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, i);
if (!res)
break;
led_class_destroy_device(i);
i++;
g_ledcnt--;
}
return 0;
```
}
static struct platform_driver chip_demo_gpio_driver = {
.probe = chip_demo_gpio_probe,
.remove = chip_demo_gpio_remove,
.driver = {
.name = "100ask_led",
},
};
③入口/注册
static int __init chip_demo_gpio_drv_init(void)
{
int err;
```
err = platform_driver_register(&chip_demo_gpio_driver);
register_led_operations(&board_demo_led_opr);
return 0;
```
}
④出口/删除
static void __exit lchip_demo_gpio_drv_exit(void)
{
platform_driver_unregister(&chip_demo_gpio_driver);
}
⑤加载
module_init(chip_demo_gpio_drv_init);
module_exit(lchip_demo_gpio_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
3.上层驱动部分
*可参考hello驱动
三、结构体的联系
①platform_device + platform_driver
platform_device_register
platform_device_add
device_add bus_add_device // 放入链表
bus_probe_device // probe 枚举设备，即找到匹配的(dev, drv)
device_initial_probe
__device_attach bus_for_each_drv(...,__device_attach_driver,...) __device_attach_driver
driver_match_device(drv, dev) // 是否匹配
driver_probe_device // 调用 drv 的 probe
platform_driver_register
__platform_driver_register
driver_register bus_add_driver // 放入链表
driver_attach(drv)
bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);
__driver_attach driver_match_device(drv, dev) // 是否匹配
driver_probe_device // 调用 drv 的 probe
②resource + platform_device
.resource = resources
③resource + platform_driver + led_operations
while (1)
{
res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, i++);
if (!res)
break;
g_ledpins[g_ledcnt] = res->start;
led_class_create_device(g_ledcnt);
g_ledcnt++;
}
printk("set led %s: group %d, pin %d\n", status ? "on" : "off", GROUP(g_ledpins[which]), PIN(g_ledpins[which]));
switch(GROUP(g_ledpins[which]))
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