文章目录
1.实现关联查询
可以使用的不同的 SQL JOIN 类型:
INNER JOIN:如果表中有至少一个匹配,则返回行
LEFT JOIN:即使右表中没有匹配,也从左表返回所有的行
RIGHT JOIN:即使左表中没有匹配,也从右表返回所有的行
FULL JOIN:只要其中一个表中存在匹配,则返回行
1.1 创建教师表
执行以下SQL语句,进行教师表的创建。
CREATE TABLE `t_teacher` (
`t_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`t_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
向教师表中插入数据。
INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('1', '刘晓云');
INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('2', '郑同华');
INSERT INTO `t_teacher` VALUES ('3', '李明军');
查看表中记录
1.2 创建班级表
执行SQL语句,进行班级表的创建
CREATE TABLE `t_class` (
`c_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`teacher_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c_id`),
KEY `fk_teacher_id` (`teacher_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_teacher_id` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `t_teacher` (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
向班级表中插入相关记录
INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('1', '2020软件1班', '3');
INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('2', '2020软件2班', '2');
INSERT INTO `t_class` VALUES ('3', '2020软件3班', '1');
查看班级表中记录
1.3 创建学生表
执行SQL语句,进行学生表的创建
CREATE TABLE `t_student` (
`s_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`s_name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`s_gender` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`s_age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`class_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`s_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
向新建学生表中插入数据
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('1','佟大为','男','20','1');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('2','李方玉','女','19','1');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('3','郑大林','男','19','2');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('4','温晓辉','男','18','1');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('5','吴文静','女','19','2');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('6','肖文艳','女','18','3');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('7','杨文军','男','20','3');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('8','唐雨涵','女','19','2');
INSERT INTO `t_student` VALUES ('9','金雨欣','女','20','2');
查看表中数据
2.创建与数据库表对应的实体类
2.1 创建教师实体类
package net.nell.mybatis.bean;
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.2 创建学生实体类
package net.nell.mybatis.bean;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private Clazz clazz;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Clazz getClazz() {
return clazz;
}
public void setClazz(Clazz clazz) {
this.clazz = clazz;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", clazz=" + clazz.getName() +
'}';
}
}
此时,由于未进行Clazz的创建,所以所编写代码出出现错误
2.3 创建班级实体类
package net.nell.mybatis.bean;
import java.util.List;
public class Clazz {
private int id;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
private List<Student> students;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Clazz{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", teacher=" + teacher.getName() +
", students=" + students +
'}';
}
}
在toString()方法里,我们获取的教师信息并不需要相关教师的所有信息,所以我们只需要获取到教师的姓名即可,通过使用teacher.getName()获取。
在进行完Clazz的建立后,项目便不会报错。
3.创建班级映射器配置文件
在resources/mapper目录里创建班级映射器配置文件ClazzMapper.xml
在该文件中定义结果映射,并在其中添加相关SQL语句,进行相关查询工作。
findById查询方法–关联查询
findByAll查询方法–嵌套查询
相关代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="net.nell.mybatis.mapper.ClazzMapper">
<!--三表关联查询-->
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultMap="clazzResultMap">
SELECT * FROM t_teacher INNER JOIN t_class ON t_class.teacher_id = t_teacher.t_id
INNER JOIN t_student ON t_class.c_id = t_student.class_id WHERE c_id = #{id};
</select>
<!--定义班级结果映射-->
<resultMap id="clazzResultMap" type="Clazz">
<result property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<!--一对一-->
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher" column="teacher_id">
<result property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
</association>
<!--一对多-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="s_id"/>
<result property="name" column="s_name"/>
<result property="gender" column="s_gender"/>
<result property="age" column="s_age"/>
<association property="clazz" javaType="Clazz" column="class_id">
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
</association>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!--通过嵌套查询实现一对一关联-->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="clazzResultMap2">
SELECT * FROM t_class;
</select>
<!--定义班级结果映射-->
<resultMap id="clazzResultMap2" type="Clazz">
<result property="id" column="c_id"/>
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM t_teacher WHERE t_id = #{id};
</select>
</mapper>
4.修改配置文件
在配置里配置班级、教师与学生实体类别名,以及班级映射器配置文件
5.定义班级映射接口
6.创建测试类
6.1 编写testFindById()方法
运行程序,查看结果
6.2 编写testFindAll()方法
运行程序,查看结果
2.实现条件查询
(1)创建学生映射器配置文件
在resources/mapper目录里创建学生映射器配置文件 - StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="net.nell.mybatis.mapper.StudentMapper">
<select id="findByCondition" parameterType="java.util.Map" resultMap="studentResultMap">
SELECT * FROM t_student
<trim prefix="WHERE" prefixOverrides="AND|OR">
<if test="name != null">
s_name LIKE CONCAT(#{name},"%")
</if>
<if test="gender != null">
AND s_gender = #{gender}
</if>
<if test="age != null">
AND s_age = #{age}
</if>
</trim>
</select>
<resultMap id="studentResultMap" type="Student">
<result column="s_id" property="id"/>
<result column="s_name" property="name"/>
<result column="s_gender" property="gender"/>
<result column="s_age" property="age"/>
<association property="clazz" column="class_id" javaType="Clazz" select="getClazz"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getClazz" resultType="Clazz">
SELECT c_id id ,c_name name FROM t_class WHERE c_id = #{id};
</select>
</mapper>
(2)在MyBatis配置文件里注册学生映射器配置文件
(3)创建学生映射器接口
(4)创建测试类
package net.nell.mybatis.mapper;
import net.nell.mybatis.bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class TestStudentMapper {
private SqlSession sqlSession; // SQL会话
private StudentMapper studentMapper; // 用户映射器
@Before
public void init() {
try {
// 读取MyBatis配置文件作为字符输入流
Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml");
// 基于MyBatis配置文件构建SQL会话工厂
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
// 利用SQL会话工厂获取SQL会话
sqlSession = factory.openSession();
// 利用SQL会话获取用户映射器对象
studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
// 提示用户SQL会话对象创建成功
System.out.println("sqlSession对象已创建。");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testFindByCondition(){
Map<String , Object> condition = new HashMap<>();
condition.put("gender","女");
List<Student> students = studentMapper.findByCondition(condition);
students.forEach(student -> System.out.println(student));
}
@After
public void destroy() {
// 关闭SQL会话
sqlSession.close();
// 提示用户SQL会话对象关闭
System.out.println("sqlSession对象已关闭。");
}
}
运行程序,查看结果