Docker的基础用法

栀婉

于 2021-12-01 21:49:40 发布

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分类专栏：自动化工具文章标签： docker 容器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46727129/article/details/121665668

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文章目录

1 Docker架构
2 Docker镜像与镜像仓库
3 Docker对象
4 Docker安装及使用
5 Docker event state

1 Docker架构

在这里插入图片描述

镜像(Image)：Docker 镜像(Image)，就相当于是一个 root 文件系统。比如官方镜像 ubuntu:16.04 就包含了完整的一套 Ubuntu16.04 最小系统的 root 文件系统。
容器(Container)：镜像(Image)和容器(Contain er)的关系，就像是面向对象程序设计中的类和对象一样，镜像是静态的定义，容器是镜像运行时的实体。容器可以被创建、启动、停止、删除、暂停等。
仓库(Repository)：仓库可看成一个代码控制中心，用来保存镜像

2 Docker镜像与镜像仓库

在docker中仓库的名字是以应用的名称取名的。
镜像是静态的，而容器是动态的，容器有其生命周期，镜像与容器的关系类似于程序与进程的关系。镜像类似于文件系统中的程序文件，而容器则类似于将一个程序运行起来的状态，也即进程。所以容器是可以删除的，容器被删除后其镜像是不会被删除的。

3 Docker对象

When you use docker, you are creating and using images, containers, networks, volumes, pluginns, and other objects.(当你使用docker时，你正在创建和使用镜像、容器、网络、卷、插件和其他对象)

IMAGES(镜像)
- An image is a read-only template with instructions for creating a docker container.(镜像是一个只读模板，它带有创建docker容器的指令。)
- Often, an image is based on another image, with some additional customization.(通常，一个镜像基于另一个镜像，并带有一些额外的自定义。)
- You might create your own images or you might only use those created by others and published in a registry.(您可以创建自己的镜像，也可以使用其他人创建并在仓库中发布的镜像。)
CONTAINERS(容器)
- A conntainer is a runnable instance of an image.(容器是镜像的可运行实例。)
- You can create, run, stop, move, or delete a container using the docker API or CLI.(您可以通过docker API或CLI创建、运行、停止、移动或删除容器。)
- You can connect a container to one or more networks, attach storage to it, or even create a new image based on its current state.(您可以将容器连接到一个或多个网络，为其附加存储，甚至可以根据其当前状态创建新镜像。)

4 Docker安装及使用

4.1 Docker安装

[root@Docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@Docker ~]# sed -i 's@https://download.docker.com@https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce@g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[root@Docker ~]# yum clean all
21 文件已删除
[root@Docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce

4.2 Docker加速

为什么需要加速器？因为docker在拉取镜像时，是去国外拉取的所以会比较慢，使用加速器可以解决这个问题

docker-ce的配置文件是/etc/docker/daemon.json，此文件默认不存在，需要我们手动创建并进行配置，而docker的加速就是通过配置此文件来实现的

docker的加速有多种方式

docker cn
中国科技大学加速器
阿里云加速器（需要通过阿里云开发者平台注册帐号，免费使用个人私有的加速器）

[root@Docker ~]# systemctl enable --now docker    //启动docker服务
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@Docker ~]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
     "registry-mirrors": ["https://xj3hc284.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
[root@Docker ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@Docker ~]# systemctl restart docker    //重启docker服务

4.3 Docker常用操作

4.3.1 docker version(查看版本号)

[root@Docker ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community    //docker客户端版本
 Version:           20.10.11
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.9
 Git commit:        dea9396
 Built:             Thu Nov 18 00:36:58 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community    //docker服务端版本
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.11
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.9
  Git commit:       847da18
  Built:            Thu Nov 18 00:35:20 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:    //容器版本
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:    //docker初始化版本
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

4.3.2 docker info(显示整个系统的信息)

[root@Docker ~]# docker info
Client:        #docker客户端版本信息
 Context:    default        #上下文
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:        #插件
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:        #docker服务端版本信息
 Containers: 0        #容器个数
  Running: 0        #运行个数
  Paused: 0        #暂停状态个数
  Stopped: 0        #停止状态个数
 Images: 0        #镜像个数
 Server Version: 20.10.11        #服务版本号
 Storage Driver: overlay2        #存储驱动
  Backing Filesystem: xfs        #后端文件系统
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file        # 日志驱动
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:        # 插件
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:        # 安全选项
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-257.el8.x86_64        # 内核版本号
 Operating System: CentOS Stream 8        # 操作系统
 OSType: linux        #操作系统 类型
 Architecture: x86_64        #架构
 CPUs: 4        # CPU核心数
 Total Memory: 7.559GiB        #总内存 
 Name: Docker
 ID: 4MEZ:OEWB:CPHP:3PYE:54J3:46XO:B5CX:JHYB:OW5Q:TWJP:PWHO:JJSM           
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker        #docker默认目录
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/        # 仓库地址
 Labels:        #标签
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:        #加速器
  https://xj3hc284.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

4.3.3 docker search(在docker hub中搜索镜像)

[root@Docker ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        15893     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   2098                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm           Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   819                  [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager          Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   285                  
linuxserver/nginx                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   160                  
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp               Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   146                  [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager       Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        144                  [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                   NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   110                  [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                  NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   79                   [OK]
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine       PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   60                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress               NGINX and  NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo…   57                   
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged       Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  54                   
nginxproxy/nginx-proxy            Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   28                   
staticfloat/nginx-certbot         Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo…   25                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter   NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN…   22                   
schmunk42/nginx-redirect          A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   19                   [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   16                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                   
flashspys/nginx-static            Super Lightweight Nginx Image                   11                   [OK]
bitwarden/nginx                   The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r…   11                   
mailu/nginx                       Mailu nginx frontend                            9                    [OK]
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter         Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a…   7                    [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb   An APB to deploy NGINX                          3                    [OK]
arnau/nginx-gate                  Docker image with Nginx with Lua enabled on …   1                    [OK]
wodby/nginx                       Generic nginx                                   1                    [OK]

4.3.4 docker pull(拉取镜像)

从docker镜像源服务器拉取指定镜像或者库镜像，没有指定镜像的版本，默认就是拉取最新版的镜像

[root@Docker ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
eff15d958d66: Pull complete 
1e5351450a59: Pull complete 
2df63e6ce2be: Pull complete 
9171c7ae368c: Pull complete 
020f975acd28: Pull complete 
266f639b35ad: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

4.3.5 docker images(列出系统当前镜像)

[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

4.3.6 docker image history(查看指定镜像的历史)

[root@Docker ~]# docker image history nginx
IMAGE          CREATED       CREATED BY                                      SIZE      COMMENT
ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon…   0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  STOPSIGNAL SIGQUIT           0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENTRYPOINT ["/docker-entr…   0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:09a214a3e07c919a…   4.61kB    
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:0fd5fca330dcd6a7…   1.04kB    
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:0b866ff3fc1ef5b0…   1.96kB    
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:65504f71f5855ca0…   1.2kB     
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -x     && addgroup --system -…   61.1MB    
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV PKG_RELEASE=1~bullseye   0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV NJS_VERSION=0.7.0        0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.21.4     0B        
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL maintainer=NGINX Do…   0B        
<missing>      2 weeks ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["bash"]                 0B        
<missing>      2 weeks ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:a2405ebb9892d98be…   80.4MB

4.3.7 docker image inspect(查看指定镜像的详细信息)

[root@Docker ~]# docker image inspect nginx
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:ea335eea17ab984571cd4a3bcf90a0413773b559c75ef4cda07d0ce952b00291",
        "RepoTags": [
            "nginx:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "nginx@sha256:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2021-11-17T10:38:14.652464384Z",
        "Container": "8a038ff17987cf87d4b7d7e2c80cb83bd2474d66e2dd0719e2b4f7de2ad6d853",
        "ContainerConfig": {
            "Hostname": "8a038ff17987",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "80/tcp": {}
            },
......

4.3.8 删除镜像

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   57 minutes ago   Exited (0) 6 minutes ago             youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
httpd        latest    ad17c88403e2   12 days ago   143MB
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

[root@Docker ~]# docker rmi ad17c88403e2
Untagged: httpd:latest
Untagged: httpd@sha256:1d71eef54c08435c0be99877c408637f03112dc9f929fba3cccdd15896099b02
Deleted: sha256:ad17c88403e2cedd27963b98be7f04bd3f903dfa7490586de397d0404424936d
Deleted: sha256:a59e7dfeeb485a8a45b1fcce812b10fbd955d304fa2e9ca43b10b16a8ee1afb8
Deleted: sha256:9592080464aa1890ed187c42a13ecc9f175e975a96a3fad28df0559ad0c08b9d
Deleted: sha256:42d2debfa0c419f7f89affa3e9b62d1b7e54dc6654dbd186d4654ee3661c44c8
Deleted: sha256:136822c50a75392f4ce06461fa4894aa7d1e060ec0dd4782e13e2d9829df50a3
[root@Docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

4.3.9 docker create(创建容器)

此命令只会创建容器，而不会运行容器

[root@Docker ~]# docker create nginx
8442117bc0c7b85609a77229433413a85ac0fa951fe9c0efc3c340b1299fbd74

4.3.10 docker ps(列出容器)

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps         //查看正在运行的容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a        //查看所有容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Created             youthful_euclid

4.3.11 docker start(启动容器)

[root@Docker ~]# docker start 8442117bc0c7        #启动容器，后面接容器的ID号，ID号可以简写
8442117bc0c7

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   8 minutes ago   Up 14 seconds   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

4.3.12 docker attach(进入容器)

在当前shell下attach连接指定运行镜像，以这种方式进入容器，此时容器会一直占用前台，如果退出容器，容器就会停止

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   50 minutes ago   Up 30 seconds   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker attach 8442117bc0c7

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

4.3.13 docker exec(进入容器)

用这个命令进入容器后台运行就算是退出了容器，容器也不会停止运行

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   26 minutes ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker exec -it 8442117bc0c7 /bin/bash
root@8442117bc0c7:/# ls
bin  boot  dev	docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc	home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@8442117bc0c7:/# exit
exit

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   27 minutes ago   Up 23 seconds   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

4.3.14 docker inspect(查看容器的信息详细)

通过查看详细信息可以查看其容器的IP地址

[root@Docker ~]# docker inspect 8442117bc0c7
[
    {
        "Id": "8442117bc0c7b85609a77229433413a85ac0fa951fe9c0efc3c340b1299fbd74",
        "Created": "2021-12-01T07:28:48.929261547Z",
        "Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
        "Args": [
            "nginx",
            "-g",
            "daemon off;"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 5390,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-12-01T07:36:41.636489391Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
......

4.3.15 docker logs(查看容器日志)

[root@Docker ~]# docker logs 8442117bc0c7
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.4
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6) 
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 4.18.0-257.el8.x86_64
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 33
2021/12/01 07:36:41 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 34
172.17.0.1 - - [01/Dec/2021:07:43:23 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.61.1" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [01/Dec/2021:07:43:44 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.61.1" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [01/Dec/2021:07:43:45 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.61.1" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [01/Dec/2021:07:43:46 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.61.1" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - [01/Dec/2021:07:43:46 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "curl/7.61.1" "-"

4.3.16 docker stop(停止容器)

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker stop 8442117bc0c7
8442117bc0c7

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   16 minutes ago   Exited (0) 5 seconds ago             youthful_euclid

4.3.17 docker restart(重启容器)

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Exited (0) 46 seconds ago             youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# docker restart 8442117bc0c7
8442117bc0c7

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   17 minutes ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

4.3.18 docker kill(杀死正在运行的容器)

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes   80/tcp    youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker kill 8442117bc0c7 
8442117bc0c7

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   20 minutes ago   Exited (137) 4 seconds ago             youthful_euclid

4.3.19 docker run(创建并启动容器)

此命令会做三件事情，首先先查看本地是否都对应的镜像，如果没有就拉取，然后创建容器，然后运行容器

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   35 minutes ago   Exited (0) 5 minutes ago             youthful_euclid

[root@Docker ~]# docker run -it httpd /bin/bash        #此命令的作用是，拉取一个httpd的镜像，然后创建容器并运行，-it表示以交互的方式进入终端，/bin/bash表示终端的环境
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
eff15d958d66: Already exists 
ba1caf8ba86c: Pull complete 
ab86dc02235d: Pull complete 
0d58b11d2867: Pull complete 
e88da7cb925c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1d71eef54c08435c0be99877c408637f03112dc9f929fba3cccdd15896099b02
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
root@a01b8d80a160:/usr/local/apache2# ls
bin  build  cgi-bin  conf  error  htdocs  icons  include  logs	modules

4.3.20 docker rm(删除容器)

删除一个或者多个容器，只能删除停止状态的容器或者-f强制删除

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
a01b8d80a160   httpd     "/bin/bash"   10 minutes ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    hardcore_varahamihira

[root@Docker ~]# docker rm a01b8d80a160
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container a01b8d80a1609e81d8d8121b3fc3c0f53a676340b3b093b353a7f9bb498fe0e6. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove

[root@Docker ~]# docker rm -f a01b8d80a160
a01b8d80a160

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@Docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
8442117bc0c7   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   48 minutes ago   Exited (0) 18 minutes ago             youthful_euclid

5 Docker event state

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