六、python Django REST framework[路由器]

django 3.2.13

一、路由器

概念：此路由器写在urls.py里面，其能够有效减少代码量，特别是配合上一篇文章写的视图集效果特别好

导入：from rest_framework import routers

1. 基础

原生url=路由器url

urlpatterns = [
        path("teachers", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'list'})),
        path("teachers/<pk>", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'retrieve'})),
]

路由器url=原生url

router = routers.SimpleRouter()
router.register(r'teachers', views.TestGenericAPIView, basename='lop')
urlpatterns += router.urls

2. 自定义

重点：@action(methods=['get'], detail=False) #detail表示是否带查询参数，这个需要把前面的代码加到views.py视图里面才能生效

导入：from rest_framework.decorators import action

2.1不带参数

原生url=路由器url

urlpatterns = [
        path("teachers", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'list'})),
        path("teachers/lastsome", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'lastsome'})),# 自己定义的
        path("teachers/<pk>", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'retrieve'})),

]

路由器url=原生url

router = routers.SimpleRouter()
router.register(r'teachers', views.TestGenericAPIView, basename='lop')
urlpatterns += router.urls

class TestGenericAPIView(ReadOnlyModelViewSet):

    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    serializer_class = StudentSerializer

    @action(methods=['get'], detail=False) #关键点
    def lastsome(self, request):

        data = Student.objects.get(id=7)
        serializer = StudentSerializer(instance=data)
        a = serializer.data
        a.pop('time')
        return Response(a)

2.2带参数

原生url=路由器url：

urlpatterns = [
        path("teachers", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'list'})),
        path("teachers/<pk>/lastsome", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'lastsome'})),
        path("teachers/<pk>", views.TestGenericAPIView.as_view({'get':'retrieve'})),

]

路由器url=原生url

router = routers.SimpleRouter()
router.register(r'teachers', views.TestGenericAPIView, basename='lop')
urlpatterns += router.urls

class TestGenericAPIView(ReadOnlyModelViewSet):

    queryset = Student.objects.all()
    serializer_class = StudentSerializer

    @action(methods=['get'], detail=True)  #关键点
    def lastsome(self, request, pk):

        data = Student.objects.get(id=pk)
        serializer = StudentSerializer(instance=data)
        a = serializer.data
        a.pop('time')
        return Response(a)