cobbler搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 12:31:32 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-07-25 12:31:32 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46812793/article/details/120754388
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cobbler搭建

关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config 
SELINUX=disabled
[root@localhost ~]# reboot

下载epel源

yum -y install epel-release

下载依赖包

yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler  xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart

启动服务并设置开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.

修改server得ip地址为本机ip地址

修改tftp得ip地址为本机ip地址

开启tftp

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.100.153/' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.100.153/' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

启动rsync并设置开机自启

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.

生成加密密码

[root@localhost ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" 'shenlongfei'
$1$28958$sq1sJFDX0bZo.H8Q.8NLg0         //这是密码加密后的形式

将新生成得密码加入到配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
....    //此处为省略内容
default_password_crypted: "$1$28958$sq1sJFDX0bZo.H8Q.8NLg0"
.....   //此处为省略内容

重启cobbler

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

解决报错（cobbler check）

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install fence-agents debmirror yum-utils syslinux
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i  's|@dists=.*|#@dists=|'  /etc/debmirror.conf
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i  's|@arches=.*|#@arches=|'  /etc/debmirror.conf  
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service 
[root@localhost ks_mirror]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.   //这个错误可以忽略

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
[root@localhost ks_mirror]#

在centos8上面把（/var/lib/cobbler/loaders）下面文件copy一份到centos7里面来，路径一样

[root@localhost cobbler]# scp loaders/*  root@192.168.100.153:/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/    //在centos8上面执行操作
root@192.168.100.153's password: 
COPYING.syslinux                                                        100% 9339     8.7MB/s   00:00    
COPYING.yaboot                                                          100% 9339     8.9MB/s   00:00    
grub-x86_64.efi                                                         100% 9339    10.9MB/s   00:00    
grub-x86.efi                                                            100% 9339    10.6MB/s   00:00    
menu.c32                                                                100%   26KB  20.9MB/s   00:00    
pxelinux.0                                                              100%   41KB  28.0MB/s   00:00    
README                                                                  100% 9339     9.8MB/s   00:00    
yaboot                                                                  100% 9339     9.2MB/s   00:00    
[root@localhost cobbler]#

查看centos7是否有这些文件

[root@localhost ks_mirror]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
[root@localhost loaders]# ls
COPYING.syslinux  COPYING.yaboot  grub-x86_64.efi  grub-x86.efi  menu.c32  pxelinux.0  README  yaboot
[root@localhost loaders]#     //copy成功

重启并检查配置是否报错

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl  restart cobblerd
[root@localhost loaders]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
[root@localhost loaders]#     //此报错忽略，因为我们已经把相应的文件copy过来了

配置dchp

[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@localhost ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings 
manage_dhcp: 1


[root@localhost loaders]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
略。。。。。。
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.100.153;
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.2;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.100.100 192.168.100.254;
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
略。。。。。。

重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost loaders]# cobbler sync
task started: 2021-10-13_224857_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Oct 13 22:48:57 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for centos-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart  dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@localhost loaders]#

检查dhcp是否正常

[root@localhost loaders]# netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           105802/dhcpd        
[root@localhost loaders]#

导入centos8的镜像

先挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0  /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=centos-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2021-10-13_193645_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Oct 13 19:36:45 2021)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos-7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos-7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64 for centos-7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//说明：
    --path      //镜像路径
    --name      //为安装源定义一个名字
    --arch      //指定安装源平台

//安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-7-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败

查看cobbler镜像列表

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   centos-7-x86_64

profiles:
   centos-7-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

创建kickstarts自动安装脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url  --url=http://192.168.153.146/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64   //此目录为/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/这个cobbler后面的目录
$yum_repo_stanza
reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $6$yjjcqhzrGUFZH4KP$99Dume6ZsJn3IN51w/2lNc2ihRmfddQTEYtvINSl7mXwvtyXzW72xAwSYXYDJaXl2zz7rM1FXNJcwYiRYlwtq0   //改为主机上（anaconda-ks.cfg）的密码
selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr

%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

检查ks文件语是否正确

[root@localhost loaders]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2021-10-13_225231_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Wed Oct 13 22:52:31 2021)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.100.153/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos-7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.100.153/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/centos-7-x86_64"
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
Potential templating errors:
Unknown variable found at line 16, column 22: '$wtUGWEFcVXliFhg3'
Unknown variable found at line 16, column 39: '$j8BNqzMKLZWNKtovEr8ivMJwvLTJSEOwWhYtpDKaDOtQ2SjaMRlL3RJrbk1mVeOhHRvfbn9DW0S1'
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@localhost loaders]# 

修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks

配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name centos-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

检查cobbler配置信息

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile report
Name                           : centos-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : centos-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos-7-x86_64.ks
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Internal proxy                 : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm

同步cobbler

[root@localhost ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2021-10-13_201500_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Oct 13 20:15:00 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for centos-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: centos-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

为避免发生问题，先重启服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128            *:22                         *:*
LISTEN     0      100    127.0.0.1:25                         *:*
LISTEN     0      5      127.0.0.1:25151                      *:*
LISTEN     0      5              *:873                        *:*
LISTEN     0      128           :::80                        :::*
LISTEN     0      128           :::22                        :::*
LISTEN     0      100          ::1:25                        :::*
LISTEN     0      128           :::443                       :::*
LISTEN     0      5             :::873                       :::*

[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0  /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
cp：是否覆盖"/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0"？ y
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
cp：是否覆盖"/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32"？ y
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl  restart cobblerd     //解决安装虚拟机打开考试tftp

创建虚拟机测试，虚拟机不用给镜像
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密码用户都是cobbler
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刚进公司，听同事提到cobbler，之前只知道有个PXE，后来在网上查找了一些资料，自己找了台服务器测试了一下 Cobbler              部署环境 :                                    cobbler-server dell PowerEdge C6220                                  cobb
cobbler 安装搭建，详细
weixin_34279579的博客
01-04 229
一、cobbler安装准备1.关闭iptables与selinux1#chkconfigiptablesoff2#vi/etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled2.安装源准备并安装cobbler软件说明：基础源与epel源。rpm–ivhhttp://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/e...
搭建Cobbler无人值守安装服务器
mengshicheng1992的博客
03-24 214
搭建Cobbler无人值守安装服务器 一、系统资源规划 节点名称 系统名称 CPU/内存 网卡 磁盘 IP地址 OS Cobbler cobbler 2C/4G ens33 64G 192.168.0.10 CentOS7 Client localhost 2C/4G ens33 64G DHCP CentOS7 二、软件安装及系统设置 1、安装基本软件 yum -y install vim [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-TPJ6rvN
搭建cobbler无人值守安装服务器
weixin_50366086的博客
05-06 420
一、简介 Cobbler是一个快速网络安装linux的服务，而且在经过调整也可以支持网络安装windows。该工具使用python开发，小巧轻便（才15k行python代码），使用简单的命令即可完成PXE网络安装环境的配置，同时还可以管理DHCP、DNS、以及yum仓库、构造系统ISO镜像。 Cobbler支持命令行管理，web界面管理，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。 Cobbler客户端Koan支持虚拟机安装和操作系统重新安装，使重装系统更便捷。 二、cobbler提供的功能 使用 Cobbl
Cobbler自动装机服务搭建步骤
Jahony的博客
05-08 242
Cobbler自动装机服务搭建步骤1、1.导入epel源2、安装Cobbler以及其相关服务软件包各软件作用如下3、修改cobbler主配置文件4、启动相关服务并关闭防火墙和selinux5、使用cobbler check 命令对Cobbler做检查设置，查询还需要更改配置的项目6、开启tftp服务和rsync服务修改TFTP的配置文件开启服务下载引导操作系统文件8、设置Cobbler用户初始密码使用盐值加密方式生成密钥将生成的密钥加入Cobbler配置文件中9、配置dhcp服务修改Cobbler管理dhc
搭建cobbler自动化安装系统
qq_38419276的博客
05-01 749
命令行 安装软件包 [root@localhost ~]# yum install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp pykickstart -y 开机启动 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd httpd tftp dhcpd 关闭防火墙 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld 关闭selinux [root@localhost ~]# sed -ri
Cobbler自动化部署搭建实验
艾泽拉斯队友克星
11-29 673
Cobbler自动化部署搭建实验 前言 Cobbler能够快速建立多系统同时安装的网络系统安装环境，传统的pxe+dhcp+tftp+kickstart仅能够提供单一系统安装，功能过于简单，如果遇到安装不同操作系统时就遇到瓶颈，而cobbler正好解决了这一问题。Cobbler是多安装树的PXE环境，是PXE的高级封装。 实验步骤 实验目的：完成从Cobbler自动化部署搭建实验 实验准备：一台C7标准系统虚拟机（内存设置最好为2GB），任意两台无系统虚拟机。（selinux与防火墙已关闭） 实验规划：19
Cobbler定制化安装系统：步骤与配置详解
在使用Cobbler进行定制化安装之前，首先需要搭建Cobbler服务器。这通常包括安装Cobbler相关软件包、配置网络服务（如DHCP和TFTP）、设置DNS或主机名解析以及准备系统镜像等步骤。一旦服务器搭建完毕，我们就可以开始...
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