服务⽹关 Spring Cloud Zuul

1、服务网关

1、什么是网关
网关为了解决权限控制、日志收集从我们的服务单元中抽离均衡负载器抽取出来的一个负载均衡器。

2、微服务网关的解决方法：
a) Nginx+Lua
b) spring cloud zuul
c) spring cloud Gateway

2、代码实现

1）创建工程

2）导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.lq</groupId>
    <artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>service-zuul</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR8</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2）编写启动类ServiceZuulApplication

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceZuulApplication.class, args);
    }

}

3）编写application.yml⽂件，路由规则

server:
  port: 8087 #服务端口

spring:
  application:
    name: service-zuul #指定服务名

#路由规则
zuul:
  routes: #定义服务转发规则
    service-product: #service-product名字可以随便起，但不建议随便起
      path: /service-product/** #配置请求URL的请求规则
     # url: http://127.0.0.1:8081 #真正的微服务地址
    service-order:
      path: /service-order/**

#服务注册到eureka注册中心
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8877/eureka/
    register-with-eureka: true
    fetch-registry: true

4）启动测试，同时启动商品微服务⼯程、⽹关⼯程。