1. Java中的浅拷贝与深拷贝
首先看一下基本类型与引用类型在内存中的布局:
浅拷贝:对于基本数据类型和引用类型,都是复制其在栈中的地址(那为什么对于基本数据类型==还能返回true?详见下文);
深拷贝:对于基本数据类型仅复制其在栈中的地址,对于引用类型复制其在堆中的对象;
1.1 浅拷贝实现方式 clone()
class Subject {
private String name;
public Subject(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[Subject: " + this.hashCode() + ",name:" + name + "]";
}
}
public class Student implements Cloneable {
//引用类型
private Subject subject;
//基础数据类型
private String name;
private int age;
public Subject getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(Subject subject) {
this.subject = subject;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
/**
* 重写clone()方法
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object clone() {
//浅拷贝
try {
// 直接调用父类的clone()方法
return super.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
return null;
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "[Student: " + this.hashCode() + ",subject:" + subject + ",name:" + name + ",age:" + age + "]";
}
}
// 测试
public class ShallowCopy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Subject subject = new Subject("yuwen");
Student studentA = new Student();
studentA.setSubject(subject);
studentA.setName("Lynn");
studentA.setAge(20);
Student studentB = (Student) studentA.clone();
studentB.setName("Lily");
studentB.setAge(18);
Subject subjectB = studentB.getSubject();
subjectB