iOS开发之UI开发（xib、storyboard、字典转模型、MVC）

添加控件

获取控制器管理的view的宽度

CGFloat viewWidth = self.view.frame.size.width;

获取屏幕的宽度

CGFloat screenW = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;

控件的最大x和y值（x值+宽度、y值+高度）

获取其他控件的最大y值,就是下面控件的y值
CGFloat btnY = CGRectGetMaxY(lblName.frame);

view的嵌套

创建View
UIView *appView = [[UIView alloc]init];
appView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
appView.frame = CGRectMake(10,10,100,100);
[self.view addSubview:appView];

View里添加image
UIImageView *imgViewIcon = [[UIImageView alloc]init];
imgViewIcon.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
imgViewIcon.frame = CGRectMake(10,10,10,10);
[appView addSubview:imgViewIcon];


View里添加label
UILabel *lblName = [[UILabel alloc]init];
lblName.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
lblName.frame = CGRectMake(10,20,10,10);
[appView addSubview:lblName];
标题
lblName.text = appDitt[@"name"];
字体大小
lblName.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
居中
lblName.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;


View里添加UIButton
UIButton *btnDownload = [[UIButton alloc]init];
btnDownload.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
btnDownload.frame = CGRectMake(10,30,10,10);
[appView addSubview:btnDownload];

[btnDownload setTitle:@"下载" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[btnDownload setTitle:@"已安装" forState:UIControlStateDisabled];

[btnDownload setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"buttongreen"]forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[btnDownload setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"buttongreen_highlighted"]forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
字体大小
btnDownload.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
单击事件
[btnDownload addTarget:self action:@selector(btnDownloadClick) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

xib

xib是轻量级界面描述文件，storyboard是重量级界面描述文件
storyboard还可以描述多个界面，以及不同界面之间的跳转关系，两个最终都是创建代码

• 创建 -> IOS -> User Interface -> Empty文件
• 通过动态加载xib文件创建里面的view

1.1找到根目录
NSBundle *rootBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
1.2找到应用根目录下的xib(nib)文件，不需要后缀
UIView *appView = [[rootBundle loadNibNamed:@"CZAppView" owner:nil options:nil] lastObject];//返回数组存储控件，需要first或者last取出要的控件
1.3设置appView的frame属性
appView.frame = CGRectMake(appX,appY,appW,appH);
1.4appview添加到self.view中
[self.view addSubview:appView];

1.5设置appview的子控件数据（方法一：耦合性高）
UIImageView *imgViewIcon = (UIImageView *)[appView viewWithTag:1000];
imgViewIcon.image = [UIImage imageNamed:appModel.icon];

UILable *lblName = (UILable *)[appView viewWithTag:2000];
UILable.text = appModel.name;

1.5设置appview的子控件数据（方法二）
xib文件中 CustomClass 选择一个自己创建的一个继承自UIView的类
xib中控件可以拖拽到该类进行绑定

imgViewIcon.imgViewIcon.image = [UIImage imageNamed:appModel.icon];
UILable.lblName.text = appModel.name;

1.5设置appview的子控件数据（方法三）
在方法二的基础之上,将其image和text封装
再加一个model属性，重写set方法，将model数据解析
appView.model = appModel;

该部分也可以封装进appView里面
+(instancetype)appView{
NSBundle *rootBundle = [NSBundle mainBundle];
return [[rootBundle loadNibNamed:@"CZAppView" owner:nil options:nil] lastObject];//返回数组存储控件，需要first或者last取出要的控件
}

shift + option + command + 左/右 折叠/展开代码

字典转模型

@interface CZApp:NSObject
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *name;
@property(nonatomic,copy)NSString *icon;
-(instancetype)initWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict;
+(instancetype)appWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict;
@end

@implementation CZApp
-(instancetype)initWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict
{
    if(self=[super init])
    {
        [self setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];
    }
    return self;
}

+(instancetype)appWithDict:(NSDictionary *)dict
{
    return [[self alloc] initWithDict:dict];
}
@end

主函数
NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle]pathForResource:@"car_simple.plist" ofType:nil];
NSArray *arrayDict = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];
NSMutableArray *arrayModels = [NSMutableArray array];
方法一
for(NSDictionary *dict in arrayDict){
   CZApp *model = [[CZApp alloc] init];
   model.name = dict[@"name"];
   model.icon = dict[@"icon"];
   [arrayModels addObject:model];
}

方法二
for(NSDictionary *dict in arrayDict){
   //CZApp *model = [[CZApp alloc] initWithDict:dict];这个也可以
   CZApp *model = [CZApp appWithDict:dict];

   [arrayModels addObject:model];
}

label浮现和消失

UILabel *lblMsg = [[UILabel alloc] init];
lblMsg.text = @"正在下载...";
lblMsg.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
lblMsg.frame = CGRectMake(10,10,10,10);
lblMsg.textColor = [UIColor redColor];

居中
lblMsg.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
lblMsg.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:17];

透明度，后面通过动画减少透明度
lblMsg.alpha = 0;

设置四个角的半径
lblMsg.layer.cornerRadius = 10;
把多余的角去掉
lblMsg.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
动画
[UIView animateWithDuration:2.0 animations:^{
lblMsg.alpha = 0.6;
} completion:^(BOOL finsished){
     if(finished){//执行完毕
     //开始新的动画 延迟1秒后执行     
     [UIView animateWithDuration:1.5 delay:1.0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveLinear animations:^{
lblMsg.alpha = 0;
     } completion:^(BOOL finsished){
     if(finished){[lblMsg removeFromSuperview];}
     }]
     }
}]




[self.superview addSubview:lblMsg];

MVC

目录可以建立四个文件夹group：models、views、controllers、others
group不是真正存在的文件夹

• controllers：viewControllers
• models：模型类
• view：mainStoryboard，xib，具体的view
• others：AppDelegate程序代理
• supporting files：images.xcassets

改变状态栏的文字颜色

重写方法
-(UIStatusBarStyle)preferredStatusBarStyle
{
   return UIStatusBarStyleLightContent//改为白色
}
隐藏状态栏
-(BOOL)prefersStatusBarHidden
{
   return YES;
}

控件显示至最上层

[self.view bringSubviewToFront:self.btnIcon];

清除view所有控件

每个子控件分别调用removeFromSuperview方法，内部执行循环
[self.answerView.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)];

延迟

[self performSelector:@selector(方法) withObject:nil afterDelay:0.5];

设置图标和启动图片

同一张图片要做很多张：1.iphone屏幕大小和分辨率不同 2.不同地方显示尺寸不同

• 开发使用的是点，ios系统自动转换为对应的像素，自动找图片
• @2x 视网膜屏幕，在原来点坐标的大小上乘于2，@3x同理

设置图标

• 选中images.xcassets -> AppIcon拖进图标

启动图片

• 选择项目 -> App Icon and Launch Images -> Launch Images Source -> Launchimage Launch Screen File删除内容
• 选中images.xcassets -> Launchimage拖进图标
• 需要全部图片补充完整，否则会影响控制器的大小

也可以用xib作为启动图片

• 本质是把该xib截图展示