【练习题】python函数进阶练习

1. 写一个匿名函数，判断指定的年是否是闰年 (先直接用普通函数)

   year = lambda year_num: year_num % 4 == 0 and year_num % 100 != 0 or year_num % 400 == 0
   print(year(2022))
   

2. 写一个函数将一个指定的列表中的元素逆序( 如[1, 2, 3] -> [3, 2, 1])(注意:不要使用列表自带的逆序函数)

   def reverse_str(list1: list):
       list2 = []
       for x in list1[-1::-1]:
           list2.append(x)
       return list2
   
   
   list1 = [1, 2, 3]
   result = reverse_str(list1)
   print(result)
   
   
   # 方法2.0——创建新的列表
   def list_reverse(list1: list):
       return list1[::-1]
   
   
   nums = [10, 230, 12]
   result = list_reverse(nums)
   print(result)
   
   # 方法2.1 ——没有创建新的列表就不用return
   # [1,3,0]->(3) 0<>2    0 range(3//2)
   # [1,3,4,5] ->(4) 0<>3,1<>2  1  range(4//2)
   
   def list_reverse2(list1: list):
       len1 = len(list1)
       for i in range(len1 // 2):
           j = len1 - 1 - i
           list1[i], list1[j] = list[j], list[i]
   
   
   nums = [10, 230, 12]
   list_reverse2(nums)
   
   

3. 编写一个函数，计算一个整数的各位数的平方和

例如: sum1(12) -> 5（1的平方加上2的平方）    sum1(123) -> 14

def sum_1(nums):
    sum = 0
    for x in str(nums):
        sum += int(x) ** 2
    return sum


print(sum_1(12))

4求列表 nums 中绝对值最小的元素

例如：nums = [-23, 100, 89, -56, -234, 123], 最大值是：-23

nums = [-23, 100, 89, -56, -234, 123]
result = min(nums, key=lambda item: item ** 2)
print(result)

6. 已经两个列表A和B，用map函数创建一个字典，A中的元素是key，B中的元素是value

   A = ['name', 'age', 'sex']
   B = ['张三', 18, '女']
   新字典: {'name': '张三', 'age': 18, 'sex': '女'}
   

   A = ['name', 'age', 'sex']
   B = ['张三', 18, '女']
   result = map(lambda key, value: [key, value], A, B)
   print(dict(result))
   

7. 已经三个列表分别表示5个学生的姓名、学科和班号，使用map将这个三个列表拼成一个表示每个学生班级信息的的字典

   names = ['小明', '小花', '小红', '老王']
   nums = ['1906', '1807', '2001', '2004']
   subjects = ['python', 'h5', 'java', 'python']
   结果：{'小明': 'python1906', '小花': 'h51807', '小红': 'java2001', '老王': 'python2004'}
   

   names = ['小明', '小花', '小红', '老王']
   nums = ['1906', '1807', '2001', '2004']
   subjects = ['python', 'h5', 'java', 'python']
   result = map(lambda i1, i2, i3: [i1, i3 + '' + i2], names, nums, subjects)
   print(dict(result))
   

8. 已经一个列表message, 使用reduce计算列表中所有数字的和

   message = ['你好', 20, '30', 5, 6.89, 'hello']
   结果：31.89
   

   # 方法1——三目运算符
   # 0+你好(0)+20+'30'(0) +5 + 6.89 +'hello'(0)
   # 如果是属于int和float就加起来，如果不是加0
   from functools import reduce
   
   message = ['你好', 20, '30', 5, 6.89, 'hello']
   result = reduce(lambda i1, item: i1 + item if type(item) == int or type(item) == float else i1 + 0, message, 0)
   print(result)
   '''
   函数部分：lambda i1, item: i1 + item if type(item) == int or type(item) == float else i1 + 0
   序列：message
   初始值：0
   '''
   # reduce推导式
   result = reduce(lambda a, item: a + item, [x for x in message if type(x) in (int, float)], 0)
   print(result)
   '''
   函数部分：lambda a, item: a + item
   序列：[x for x in message if type(x) in (int, float)]
   初始值：0
   '''
   

9. 已经列表points中保存的是每个点的坐标(坐标是用元组表示的，第一个值是x坐标，第二个值是y坐标）

   points = [
     (10, 20), (0, 100), (20, 30), (-10, 20), (30, -100)
   ]
   

   1）获取列表中y坐标最大的点

   result = max(points,key=lambda item:item[-1])
   print(result)
   

   2）获取列表中x坐标最小的点

   result = min(points,key=lambda item:item[0])
   print(result)
   

   3）获取列表中距离原点最远的点

   result = max(points, key=lambda item: item[-1] ** 2)
   print(result)
   

   4）将点按照点到x轴的距离大小从大到小排序

   result = sorted(points, key=lambda item: item[0] ** 2 + item[-1] ** 2, reverse=True)
   print(result)
   

10. 封装一个函数完成斗地主发牌的功能。

from random import shuffle
def Chess(chess_sum):

    play_1 = []
    play_2 = []
    play_3 = []
    dipan_card = []
    shuffle(chess_sum)
    chess_sum1 = iter(chess_sum)
    for y in range(17):
        play_1.append(next(chess_sum1))
        play_2.append(next(chess_sum1))
        play_3.append(next(chess_sum1))
    for z in chess_sum1:

        dipan_card.append(z)

    print(play_1)
    print(play_2)
    print(play_3)
    print(dipan_card)


chess_sum =['黑桃A', '黑桃2', '黑桃3', '黑桃4', '黑桃5', '黑桃6', '黑桃7', '黑桃8', '黑桃9', '黑桃10', '黑桃J', '黑桃Q', '黑桃K', '红桃A', '红桃2', '红桃3', '红桃4',
 '红桃5', '红桃6', '红桃7', '红桃8', '红桃9', '红桃10', '红桃J', '红桃Q', '红桃K', '方片A', '方片2', '方片3', '方片4', '方片5', '方片6', '方片7', '方片8',
 '方片9', '方片10', '方片J', '方片Q', '方片K', '梅花A', '梅花2', '梅花3', '梅花4', '梅花5', '梅花6', '梅花7', '梅花8', '梅花9', '梅花10', '梅花J',
 '梅花Q', '梅花K', '小王', '大王']

result = Chess(chess_sum)
print(result)

# 方法2.0
from random import shuffle


def deal_cards():
    # 1)准备一副新的牌
    colors = ['♥', '♠', '♣', '♦']
    nums = [str(x) for x in range(2, 11)] + ["J", 'Q', "K", "A"]
    pokers = ['joker', "JOKER"]

    for n in nums:
        for c in colors:
            pokers.append(c + n)

    # 2)洗牌
    shuffle(pokers)
    # 3)发牌
    pokers = iter(pokers)
    play_1 = []
    play_2 = []
    play_3 = []
    for _ in range(17):
        play_1.append(next(pokers))
        play_2.append(next(pokers))
        play_3.append(next(pokers))

    # 4)排序——理牌
    values = {'J': 11, 'Q': 12, 'K': 13, 'A': 14, '2': 15, 'oker': 16, 'OKER': 17}
    values.update({str(x): x for x in range(3, 11)})
    play_1.sort(key=lambda item: values[item[1:]], reverse=True)
    play_2.sort(key=lambda item: values[item[1:]], reverse=True)
    play_3.sort(key=lambda item: values[item[1:]], reverse=True)
    return play_1, play_2, play_3, list(pokers)


p1, p2, p3, di = deal_cards()
print(p1)
print(p2)
print(p3)
print(di)