维吉尼亚密码(Vigenere)

维吉尼亚密码(Vigenere)

• 加密对象: 字母

• 原理:

  • 该密码类似于凯撒密码，是一种多表密码。

  • 秘钥是字母组成的字符串，长度是1到明文长度。

  • 加密时，将秘钥补全成明文长度，例如明文是12，而输入的秘钥是linux, 所以补全后是linuxlinuxli。

  • 查表：取第一个明文字符作为横标，取第一个秘钥（上一步构成的秘钥）字符作为纵标，查找对应字符，在去第二个明文字符作为横标，取第二个秘钥字符作为纵标，查找对应字符，…。最后将所有字符合在一起就构成了密文

    坐标	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
    A	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
    B	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A
    C	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B
    D	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C
    E	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D
    F	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E
    G	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F
    H	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
    I	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H
    J	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I
    K	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J
    L	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K
    M	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L
    N	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M
    O	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N
    P	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O
    Q	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P
    R	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q
    S	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R
    T	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S
    U	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T
    V	V	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U
    W	W	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V
    X	X	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W
    Y	Y	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X
    Z	Z	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y

• 代码

  # write by 2021/7/12
  # 维吉尼亚密码
  
  DIC = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
  
  
  def judge_key(key):
      if not key:
          return 0
      for i in key:
          if i not in DIC:
              return 0
      return 1
  
  
  def encrypt_vigenere(string, key):
      if not judge_key(key):
          return -1
      ciphertext = ""
      key_index = 0
      key_len = len(key)
      for i in string:
          if i not in DIC:
              ciphertext += i
          else:
              ciphertext += DIC[(DIC.index(i)+DIC.index(key[key_index % key_len])) % 26]
              key_index += 1
      return ciphertext
  
  
  def decrypt_vigenere(string, key):
      if not judge_key(key):
          return -1
      plaintext = ""
      key_index = 0
      key_len = len(key)
      for i in string:
          if i not in DIC:
              plaintext += i
          else:
              plaintext += DIC[(DIC.index(i)-DIC.index(key[key_index % key_len])) % 26]
              key_index += 1
      return plaintext
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      key_ = "linux"
      ciphertext_ = encrypt_vigenere("i love you", key_)
      plaintext_ = decrypt_vigenere(ciphertext_, key_)
      print(f"{plaintext_}: {ciphertext_}")