Java泛型-13

泛型的好处

public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person<String> person = new Person<String>("韩曙平");
    }
}

class Person<E>{ //创建时才定义数据类型 编译时就可以进行约束
    E str;
    public Person(E str){
        this.str = str;
    }
    public E f(){
        return str;
    }
}

泛型使用细节

package com.edu.gen;

import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.IfNode;

import java.util.*;

public class Demo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Employee> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new Employee("tom","123",new MyDate(2003,1,1)));
        list.add(new Employee("tom","123",new MyDate(2001,1,1)));
        list.add(new Employee("tom","123",new MyDate(2002,1,1)));
        list.add(new Employee("alice","123",new MyDate(2010,1,1)));
        list.add(new Employee("alice","123",new MyDate(2010,2,1)));
        list.sort(new Comparator<Employee>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Employee o1, Employee o2) {
                //判断类型
                if(!(o1 instanceof Employee && o2 instanceof Employee)){
                    return 0;
                }

                if (!(o1.getName().equals(o2.getName()))){
                    return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
                }else{
                    return o1.getBirthday().compareTo(o2.getBirthday());
                }

            }
        });

        Iterator iterator  = list.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Object next = iterator.next();
            System.out.println(next);
        }
    }
}

class Employee{
    private String name;
    private String sal;
    private MyDate birthday;

    public Employee(String name, String sal, MyDate birthday) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sal = sal;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSal() {
        return sal;
    }

    public void setSal(String sal) {
        this.sal = sal;
    }

    public MyDate getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(MyDate birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sal='" + sal + '\'' +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                '}';
    }
}

 class MyDate implements Comparable<MyDate>{
    private int year;
    private int month;
    private int day;

     public MyDate(int year, int month, int day) {
         this.year = year;
         this.month = month;
         this.day = day;
     }

     public int getYear() {
         return year;
     }

     public void setYear(int year) {
         this.year = year;
     }

     public int getMonth() {
         return month;
     }

     public void setMonth(int month) {
         this.month = month;
     }

     public int getDay() {
         return day;
     }

     public void setDay(int day) {
         this.day = day;
     }

     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "MyDate{" +
                 "year=" + year +
                 ", month=" + month +
                 ", day=" + day +
                 '}';
     }

     @Override
     public int compareTo(MyDate o) {
         if(!(year==o.getYear())){
             return year-o.getYear();
         }else if(!(month==o.getMonth())){
             return month-o.getMonth();
         }else {
             return day-o.getDay();
         }
     }

 }

自定义泛型
 

2、因为类型未确定，无法确定要开辟的空间有多大 

3、如下图

package com.edu.gen;

public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

    }
}
/*
泛型接口的使用说明
1、接口中，静态成员也不能使用泛型(接口中的成员都是静态性质的)
 */

interface  IUsb<U,R>{
    int n = 10;
    R get(U u);
    void  hi(R r);
    void run(R r1,R r2,U u1,U u2);
    //jdk8中,可以在接口中使用默认方法，也是可以使用泛型
    default R method(U u){
        return null;
    }
}
//在继承接口 指定泛型接口的类型
interface IA extends IUsb<String,Double>{

}
//当我们去实现IA接口时，因为IA在继承IUsb接口时,指定了U为String,R为Double
class AA implements IA{
    @Override
    public Double get(String s) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void hi(Double aDouble) {

    }

    @Override
    public void run(Double r1, Double r2, String u1, String u2) {

    }

    @Override
    public Double method(String s) {
        return IA.super.method(s);
    }
}

//实现接口时，直接指定泛型接口的类型
class BB implements IUsb<Integer,Float>{

    @Override
    public Float get(Integer integer) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void hi(Float aFloat) {

    }

    @Override
    public void run(Float r1, Float r2, Integer u1, Integer u2) {

    }

    @Override
    public Float method(Integer integer) {
        return IUsb.super.method(integer);
    }
}

自定义泛型方法

package com.edu.gen;
/*
泛型方法的使用
 */
public class Demo05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car car = new Car();
        car.fly("宝马",100);//直接传参即可，编译器自动确定类型
    }
}
class Car{//普通类
    public void run(){//普通方法

    }
    public <T,R> void fly(T t,R r){//泛型方法 定义给参数使用

    }
}
class Fish<T,R>{//泛型类
    public <U,M> void eat(U u,M m){

    }
    //不是泛型方法,只是使用到了泛型
    public void hi(T t){

    }
}

泛型的继承和通配符

package com.edu.gen;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Demo06 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Object o = new String("xx");//正确


        //不允许(无继承性):List<Object> list = new ArrayList<String>();

        //举例区分
        List<Object> list1 =new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> list2 =new ArrayList<>();
        List<aa> list3 =new ArrayList<>();
        List<bb> list4 =new ArrayList<>();
        List<cc> list5 =new ArrayList<>();
    }
    //List<?>表示任意泛型都可以接收
    public static void printCollections(List<?> c){
        for (Object object:c){
            System.out.println(object);
        }
    }
    //?extends aa 表示上限,可以接收aa或aa的子类
    public static void printCollections2(List<? extends aa> c){
        for (Object object:c){
            System.out.println(object);
        }
    }
    //规定了泛型的下限，支持aa和aa的父类
    public static void printCollections3(List<? super aa> c){
        for (Object object:c){
            System.out.println(object);
        }
    }

}
class aa{

}
class bb extends aa{

}
class cc extends bb{

}

Junit的使用

package com.edu.gen;

import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.IF_ACMPEQ;

import javax.annotation.processing.SupportedAnnotationTypes;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import java.util.*;

public class Demo07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DAO<User> dao = new DAO<>();
        dao.save("1",new User(1,12,"小明"));
        dao.save("2",new User(2,11,"小Honey"));
        dao.save("3",new User(3,10,"小龙"));

        System.out.println(dao.get("1"));
        System.out.println(dao.get("2"));
        dao.update("2",new User(2,123,"aa"));
        System.out.println(dao.get("2"));
        System.out.println(dao.list());
        dao.delete("3");
        System.out.println(dao.list());

    }
}

class DAO<T>{
    private Map<String,T> map ;

    public DAO() {
        if (this.map==null){
            map = new HashMap<>();
        }else {
            return;
        }
    }

    public void save(String id, T entity){
        map.put(id,entity);
    }
    public T get(String id){
        return map.get(id);
    }
    public void  update(String id,T entity){
        map.put(id,entity);
    }
    public List<T> list(){
        List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();

        for (String obj:map.keySet()){
            list.add(get(obj));
        }
        return list;
    }
    public void delete(String id){
        map.remove(id);
    }
}
class User{
    private int id;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public User(int id, int age, String name) {
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}