文件上传
文件上传要求
- 文件类型限制
- 文件大小限制,服务器硬盘资源需要买的
- 文件上传后,文件名重复问题(解决,时间戳,uuid,md5)
- 文件上传后,应该放到外界访问不到的地方,如web-inf文件夹下
前端页面
<%--index.jsp--%>
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$upload-file$</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--index.jsp--%>
<%--通过白哦但上传文件
get:上传文件大小有限制
post:无限制
--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
上传用户:<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
上传文件1:<input type="file" name="file1"><br/>
上传文件2:<input type="file" name="file2"><br/>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交"> | <input type="reset" name="重置"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
info.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Apple
Date: 2021/12/14
Time: 7:53
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
添加依赖
文件上传:
-
commons-io
-
commons-fileupload
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
后台代码
package com.hopeful.servlet;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import sun.net.ProgressListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
* FileServlet
*
* @author : yl
* @version : [v1.0]
* @createTime : [2021/12/14 7:41]
*/
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 判断上传文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
// 普通表单直接返回
return;
}
// 创建上传文件的保存路径,建议保存在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访问上传的文件
String uploadPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
// 如果路径不存在,则创建文件
if (!uploadFile.exists()) {
uploadFile.mkdir();
}
// 创建临时文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访问上传的文件
String tmpPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
File file = new File(tmpPath);
if (file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();// 创建不存在的路径
}
// 处理上传的文件,一般都需要通过流来获取,我们可以用request.getInputStream(),原生态的文件上传流获取,十分麻烦
// 我们建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现,common-fileupload,它需要commons-io组件
// 1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象,处理文件路径或大小限制
DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(file);
// 2.获取ServletFileUpload
ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
// 3.处理上传文件
// 把前端请求解析,封装成FileItem对象,需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
try {
String msg = uploaParseRequest(upload, req, uploadPath);
if (!"上传成功".equals(msg)) {
msg = "上传文件有误,请重新上传";
}
req.setAttribute("msg", msg);
req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req, resp);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
private String uploaParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload, HttpServletRequest req, String uploadPath) throws Exception {
String msg = "";
List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
//普通表单处理
String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
String value = fileItem.getString("utf-8");
System.out.println(name + ":" + value);
} else {
// 处理上传文件
String uploadFilename = fileItem.getName();
System.out.println("上传的文件名:" + uploadFilename);
if (uploadFilename.trim().equals("") || uploadFilename == null) {
continue;
}
// 获取上传文件的文件名或后缀名
String fileName = uploadFilename.substring(uploadFilename.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
String fileExtName = uploadFilename.substring(uploadFilename.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
// 如果文件后缀名FileExtName不是我们需要的,就直接return,不处理,告诉用户文件类型不对
System.out.println("文件信息【文件名: " + fileName + "---文件类型" + fileExtName + "】");
// 使用UUID保证文件名唯一
String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// 处理文件完毕
// 文件真实的存放路径
String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
// 给每一个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
realPathFile.mkdir();
}
// 获取文件上传流
InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
// 获取输出流
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
// 创建缓冲区
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
// 判断是否读取完毕
int len = 0;
while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
// 关闭流
fos.close();
inputStream.close();
msg = "上传成功";
fileItem.delete();
}
}
return msg;
}
private ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory) {
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 监听上传进度
upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
// pBytesRead:已读取到文件大小 enctype="Multipart/form-data"
// pContextLength: 文件大小
public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
System.out.println("总大小:" + pContentLength + "已上传:" + pBytesRead + ",进度:" + ((double) pBytesRead / pContentLength * 100) + "%");
}
});
// 处理乱码问题
upload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");
// 设置单个文件最大值 1024 = 1kb * 1024 = 1M * 10 = 10M
upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
return upload;
}
private DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file) {
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 通过工厂设置一个缓存区,当上传文件大于这个缓存区的时候,将他放到临时文件中
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024); //缓存区大小为1m
factory.setRepository(file); // 临时目录的保存目录,需要一个file
return factory;
}
}