冒泡排序
# 冒泡排序:
# 1. 外层循环范围为 n
# 2. 内层循环范围为 0到n-1-i(从最末端有序)
# 3. 核心思想: 比较相邻两个元素大小, 把略大(或小)的元素放在+1位置, 走完循环以后最大的元素就在n位置
def bubble_sort(alist):
n = len(alist)
for i in range(n): # 需要遍历的次数
for j in range(0, n - i - 1): # 单次逐个比较
if alist[j] > alist[j + 1]:
alist[j], alist[j + 1] = alist[j + 1], alist[j] # 调换元素
return alist
lst = [20, 70, 40, 30, 10, 60, 50]
lst = bubble_sort(lst)
print(lst)
选择排序
# 选择排序
# 1. 外层循环范围为 n-1
# 2. 内层循环范围为 (i+1) 到 n(起始序列有序)
# 3. 核心思想: 从剩下的无序对象中, 假设标记了第一个最小值的(min_index), 拿min_index位置的元素和剩余位置元素依次比较, 如果剩余位置元素更小, 则重新记录min_index
# 4. 内层单次循环结束后:如果首次记录的下标 i, 恰好等于min_index, 说明i位置的元素即为最小值; 反之, 则需要用min_index位置的元素交换i位置的元素
def select_sort(blist):
n = len(blist)
for i in range(n-1):
min_index = i
for j in range(i+1, n):
if blist[j] < blist[min_index]:
min_index = j
if i != min_index:
blist[i], blist[min_index] = blist[min_index], blist[i]
return blist
lst = [20, 70, 40, 30, 10, 60, 50]
lst = select_sort(lst)
print(lst)
插入排序
# 插入排序
# 1. 将列表分为有序表和无序表。开始时,有序表只包含1个元素,无序表包含n-1个元素
# 2. 排序过程:每次从无序表取出第一个元素, 在有序表中[从后往前]比较, 将它插入有序的适当位置, 成为新的有序表
def insert_sort(clist):
n = len(clist)
for i in range(1, n):
for j in range(i, 0, -1):
if clist[j] < clist[j - 1]:
clist[j], clist[j - 1] = clist[j - 1], clist[j]
else:
break
return clist
lst = [101, 34, 119, 1, 22]
lst = insert_sort(lst)
print(lst)
'''
lst = [101, 34, 119, 1, 22],
n = 5, for i in range(1,5)
外循环:i = 1
内循环: for j in(1, 0, -1):
j = 1, clist[1] = 34, clist[0] = 101 -> clist = [34, 101, 119, 1, 22]
外循环:i = 2
内循环; for j in(2, 0, -1):
j = 2, clist[2] = 119, clist[1] = 101 -> break -> clist = [34, 101, 119, 1, 22]
外循环:i = 3
内循环; for j in(3, 0, -1):
j = 3, clist[3] = 1, clist[2] = 119 -> clist = [34, 101, 1, 119, 22]
j = 2, clist[2] = 1, clist[1] = 101 -> clist = [34, 1, 101, 119, 22]
j = 1, clist[1] = 1, clist[0] = 34 -> clist = [1, 34, 101, 119, 22]
外循环:i = 4
内循环: for j in(4, 0, -1):
j = 4, clist[4] = 22, clist[9] = 119 -> clist = [1, 34, 101, 22, 119]
j = 3, clist[3] = 22, clist[2] = 101 -> clist = [1, 34, 22, 101, 119]
j = 2, clist[2] = 22, clist[1] = 34 -> break -> clist = [1, 22, 34, 101, 119]
外循环结束
'''