vlan路由

VLAN间路由

定义

指导设备对不同vlan间进行三层数据转发

实现方式

单臂路由实验

1、路由器配置（使用子接口）

[R1]interface g0/0.1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid 10
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.1]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.1]int g0/0.2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.2]vlan-type dot1q vid 20
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.2]ip address 192.168.2.254 24
[R1]dis ip  interface brief
*down: administratively down
(s): spoofing  (l): loopback
Interface                Physical Protocol IP Address      Description
GE0/0                    up       up       --              --
GE0/0.1                  up       up       192.168.1.254   --
GE0/0.2                  up       up       192.168.2.254   --
**路由也自动学到**
192.168.1.0/24     Direct  0   0           192.168.1.254   GE0/0.1
192.168.1.0/32     Direct  0   0           192.168.1.254   GE0/0.1
192.168.1.254/32   Direct  0   0           127.0.0.1       InLoop0
192.168.1.255/32   Direct  0   0           192.168.1.254   GE0/0.1
192.168.2.0/24     Direct  0   0           192.168.2.254   GE0/0.2
192.168.2.0/32     Direct  0   0           192.168.2.254   GE0/0.2

2、交换机配置

[SW]VLAN 10
[SW-vlan10]port g1/0/2
[SW-vlan10]vlan 20
[SW-vlan20]port g1/0/3
[SW-vlan20]inter g1/0/1
[SW-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]port trunk permit  vlan 10 20

三层交换

使交换机有三层路由的功能
三层交换机上启用vlanif三层接口，配置为网关IP
自动产生所有到达vlan的直连路由
实验

交换机

[SW]interface Vlan 10
[SW-Vlan-interface10]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
[SW-Vlan-interface10]int vlan 20
[SW-Vlan-interface20]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
[SW-Vlan-interface20]dis ip interface  b
*down: administratively down
(s): spoofing  (l): loopback
Interface                Physical Protocol IP Address      Description
MGE0/0/0                 down     down     --              --
Vlan10                   up       up       192.168.1.254   --
Vlan20                   up       up       192.168.2.254   --
<SW>dis ip routing-table
192.168.1.0/24     Direct  0   0           192.168.1.254   Vlan10
192.168.2.0/24     Direct  0   0           192.168.2.254   Vlan20

常用命令

interface 'sub-interface'  #创建子接口，进入子接口视图
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid '为子接口开启802.1Q识别，并绑定vlanid
interface vlan-interface 'vlan-id' #创建Vlanif三层接口，进入Vlanif接口视图