Java面向对象-常用类（Random类）

常用类-Random类

1 创建Random类对象

此类用于生成随机数：

Random(); 创建一个新的随机数生成器

Random(long seed);种子数(重点理解工作原理，什么是伪随机数)

2 Random类常用方法

package com.qf.random_class;

import java.util.Random;

public class Test01 {
	/**
	 * 知识点：Random - 随机类
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Random ran = new Random();
		
		System.out.println("随机出int类型范围里的数字：" + ran.nextInt());
		System.out.println("随机出double类型范围里的数字：" + ran.nextDouble());
		System.out.println("随机出boolean类型范围里的数字：" + ran.nextBoolean());
		System.out.println("随机出0~9的int数字：" + ran.nextInt(10));//0~9
		
	}
}

3 案例：点名器

package com.qf.random_class;

import java.util.Random;

public class Test02 {
	/**
	 * 知识点：Random - 随机类
	 * 
	 * 案例：点名器
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		String[] names = {"小宇","小亮","小丹","小蒲","小飞","小康","小升","小怡"};
		
		Random ran = new Random();
		int index = ran.nextInt(names.length);
		
		System.out.println(names[index]);
	}
}

4 Random的种子数

package com.qf.random_class;

import java.util.Random;

public class Test03 {
	/**
	 * 知识点：Random的种子数
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		//注意：种子数固定，随机出的数据也是固定的
		
		Random ran = new Random(100);
		System.out.println(ran.nextInt());
		System.out.println(ran.nextInt(10));
		
		System.out.println("---------------------------");
		
		MyRandom myRandom = new MyRandom();
		System.out.println(myRandom.nextInt());
		System.out.println(myRandom.nextInt(10));
	}
}

seed(种子数底层理解)

package com.qf.random_class;

public class MyRandom {

	private long seed;
	
	public MyRandom() {
		// System.nanoTime()返回的是纳秒级精度的时间,以此作为种子更能保证生成数字的随机性。.
		this(seedUniquifier() ^ System.nanoTime());
	}
	
	private static long seedUniquifier() {
        for (;;) {
            long current = System.currentTimeMillis();
            long next = current * 181783497276652981L;
            if (next%3==0 || next%12==0 || next%17==0)
                return next;
        }
    }

	public MyRandom(long seed) {
		this.seed = seed;
	}
	
	public int nextInt(){
		return (int) seed;
	}
	
	public int nextInt(int i){
		return Math.abs((int) seed) % i;
	}
}