KVM安装虚拟机

• 查看cpu是否支持虚拟化 cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -E ‘vmx|svm’
• 完全文本方式安装虚拟机

yum install -y vsftpd
mkdir /var/ftp/centosu4
mount CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso /var/ftp/centos7u4/
virt-install --connect qemu:///system -n vm10 -r 2050 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm10.img,size=5  --os-type=linux --os-variant=centos7.0 --vcpus=1  --location=ftp://ip地址/centos7u4 -x console=ttyS0 --nographics

参数解释：
-n name
-r  以M为单位指定分配给虚拟机的内存大小
--disk 指定作为客户机存储的媒介 size以G为单位的存储
--os-type   系统类型
--os-variant 系统类型版本
--vcpus 指定核数，不能超过物理cpu
--location  客户虚拟机安装源下载，必须为镜像挂载在ftp目录下
-x console=ttyS0 执行终端0
--nographics 无图形，文本模式

• 模板镜像+配置文件 方式安装虚拟机

ls /etc/libvirt/qemu	#虚拟机配置文件
ls /var/lib/libvirt/images/	#储存虚拟机的介质
cp /etc/libvirt/qemu/vm2.xml /etc/libvirt/qemu/vm3.xml	
cp /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm2.img /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm3.img	#拷贝模板镜像和配置文件
uuidgen	#生成新的uuid
vim /etc/libvirt/qemu/vm3.xml	#修改配置文件
domain type='kvm'>
  <name>vm3</name>  #名字不能一样需要修改
  <uuid>2e3fa6db-ff7f-41c3-bc8f-0428e81ebb57</uuid> #uuid不能一样需要修改
  <memory unit='KiB'>1024000</memory>  #内存，可选
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1024000</currentMemory>  #当前内存与上面定义一样
  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>  #cpu可选
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='partial'>
    <model fallback='allow'>SandyBridge-IBRS</model>
    <feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='spec-ctrl'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset='utc'>
    <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
    <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
    <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
      <source file='/var/lib/libvirt/images/vm3.img'/>   #磁盘镜像需要修改
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
      <master startport='0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
      <master startport='2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
      <master startport='4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type='network'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:82:d6:3c'/>  #mac地址不能一样需要修改，只能修改后三段。
      <source network='default'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
        <model name='isa-serial'/>
      </target>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty'>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <channel type='spicevmc'>
      <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='2'/>
    </channel>
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </input>
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
    <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
    <graphics type='spice' autoport='yes'>
      <listen type='address'/>
      <image compression='off'/>
    </graphics>
    <sound model='ich6'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
    </sound>
    <video>
      <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/>
    </redirdev>
    <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='3'/>
    </redirdev>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
    <rng model='virtio'>
      <backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x09' function='0x0'/>
    </rng>
  </devices>
</domain>
#必须修改name，uuid,mac地址，其余可选
virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/vm3.xml	#define方式创建好，不会启动，create方式创建好，会启动
systemctl restart libvirtd
vim /etc/sysctl.conf 
sysctl -p	#宿主机开启路由转发
 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
virsh list --all	#查看虚拟机列表