目录
golang字符串:
golang语言字符串是一个任意字节的常量序列;
golang字面量:
在Go语言中,字符串字面量使用双引号("")或者反引号(``)来创建。
-
总结如下:
字面量符号 | 特点 |
"" | 用于创建可解析的字符串,支持转义,但不能用来引用多行字符串(应用较为广泛) |
`` | 用于创建原生的字符串字面量,可以由多行组成,但不支持转义,并且可以包含除了反引号外其他所有字符(多用于书写多行消息,HTML以及正则表达式) |
实例如下:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
x := "happy new year to all everyone" // 双引号("")
y := `we are brother,
so,
i hope you can have a happy year` //反引号(``)
fmt.Printf("x: %v\n", x)
fmt.Printf("y: %v\n", y)
}
/* by: csdn 陽i */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
x: happy new year to all everyone
y: we are brother,
so,
i hope you can have a happy year
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.722 seconds
/* by: csdn 陽i */
golang字符串拼接:
使用加号:
虽然golang语言中的字符串是不可变的,但是字符串支持+级联操作及+=追加操作;示例如下:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
name := " CSDN 陽i "
sex := "boy"
email := "x666888x@foxmail.com"
// 使用+符号,对字符进行拼接
msg := name + "," + sex + "," + email
fmt.Printf("msg: %v\n", msg)
// 使用+=符号,对字符串追加操作
info := " CSDN 陽i ,"
info += "boy ,"
info += "x666888x@foxmail.com"
fmt.Printf("info: %v\n", info)
}
/* by: csdn 陽i */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\tempCodeRunnerFile.go"
msg: CSDN 陽i ,boy,x666888x@foxmail.com
info: CSDN 陽i ,boy ,x666888x@foxmail.com
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.646 seconds
/* by: csdn 陽i */
使用格式化输出拼接( Sprintf ):
通过 Sprintf 格式化输出,同样可实现字符拼接效果,示例如下:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
name := " CSDN 陽i "
sex := "boy"
email := "x666888x@foxmail.com"
info := fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s,%s", name, sex, email)
fmt.Printf("info: %v\n", info)
}
/* by: csdn 陽i */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
info: CSDN 陽i ,boy,x666888x@foxmail.com
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.592 seconds
/* by: csdn 陽i */
strings.Join()
当然,通过 strings.Join() 同样可以实现字符拼接,join会根据字符串数组的内容,计算出一个拼接之后的长度,然后申请对应大小的内存,一个一个字符串填入,在已有一个数据的情况下,这种效率会很高;但是本来没有,去构造一个数组数据的代价也不小;示例如下:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
func main() {
name := " CSDN 陽i "
sex := "boy"
email := "x666888x@foxmail.com"
info := strings.Join([]string{name, sex, email}, ",")
fmt.Printf("info: %v\n", info)
}
/* by: csdn 陽i */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
info: CSDN 陽i ,boy,x666888x@foxmail.com
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.525 seconds
/* by: csdn 陽i */
buffer.WriteString()
buffer.WriteString() 相对较为理想,可以当作可变符使用,对内存的增长也有优化,如果能够预估字符串的长度,还可以使用 buffer.Grow() 接口设置 capacity .
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
)
func main() {
var buffer bytes.Buffer
buffer.WriteString(" CSDN 陽i ")
buffer.WriteString("boy")
buffer.WriteString("x666888x@foxmail.com")
fmt.Printf(" %v\n", buffer.String())
}
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
CSDN 陽i boyx666888x@foxmail.com
[Done] exited with code=0 in 2.145 seconds
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
golang转义字符:
golang的字符串常见转义符包括回车,换行,单双引号,制表符,如下表所示:
转义符 | 含义 |
\r | 回车符(返回行首) |
\n | 换行符(直接跳到下一行的同列位置) |
\t | 制表符(等同于键盘的tab按键) |
\‘ | 单引号 |
\" | 双引号 |
\\ | 反斜杠 |
示例如下:
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
//回车符
golang := "hello \r world"
fmt.Printf("golang: %v\n", golang)
//换行符
boke := "https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47429395?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343\n陽i"
fmt.Printf("boke: %v\n", boke)
//制表符
study := "陽i\tenjoy study golang"
fmt.Printf("study: %v\n", study)
//双引号,反斜杠
godir := "my golang dir is: \"D:\\Program Files\\Go\\go1.21.4\""
fmt.Printf("my golang dir is: %v\n", godir)
}
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
执行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
golang: hello
world
boke: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47429395?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343
陽i
study: 陽i enjoy study golang
my golang dir is: my golang dir is: "D:\Program Files\Go\go1.21.4"
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.644 seconds
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
golang字符串切片:
运行实例(及相关注释):
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
func main() {
name := "csdn--陽i"
a := 0
b := 5
fmt.Printf("name[a]: %c\n", name[a]) //获取字符串索引位置为a的原始字节
fmt.Printf("name[a:b]: %v\n", name[a:b]) //截取字符串索引位置为a到b-1的字符串
fmt.Printf("name[a:]: %v\n", name[a:]) //截取字符串索引位置为a到len(name)-1的字符串
fmt.Printf("name[:b]: %v\n", name[:b]) //截取字符串索引位置为0到b-1的字符串
}
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
运行结果:
[Running] go run "d:\Go\test_3\test.go"
name[a]: c
name[a:b]: csdn-
name[a:]: csdn--陽i
name[:b]: csdn-
[Done] exited with code=0 in 1.691 seconds
/* name := " CSDN 陽i " */
golang字符串常用函数:
方法 | 介绍 |
len(str) | 求长度 |
+或fmt.Sprintf | 拼接字符串 |
strings.Split | 分割 |
strings.contains | 判断是否包含 |
strings.HasPrefix ; strings.HasSuffix | 前缀/后缀判断 |
strings.index() ; strings.Lastindex() | 字符串出现的位置 |
strings.Join(a[]string,sep string) | join操作 |