观察者模式实用范围:一个事件触发了一系列的事件。如果将这一系列的事件写在一个方法里面显然不是一个最好的方式,最好的模式就是采用观察者模式,将各个事件分而治之。
建立一个事件触发对象,比如登录成功事件
建立一个消息传递通道,在spring中采用 applicationContext即可
建立一个监听机制,监听登录事件。
使用场景
比如在订单支付成功后,需要发生短信和微信通知
SendMsgEvent
package com.huahailong.observer;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
public class SendMsgEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
public SendMsgEvent(Object source) {
super(source);
log.info("发生消息构造器加载");
}
}
EmailLister
package com.huahailong.observer;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class EmailLister implements ApplicationListener<SendMsgEvent>{
public void onApplicationEvent(SendMsgEvent arg0) {
log.info("发送邮件");
}
}
TelLister
package com.huahailong.observer;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class TelLister implements ApplicationListener<SendMsgEvent>{
public void onApplicationEvent(SendMsgEvent arg0) {
log.info("发生手机号码");
}
}
SendMsg
package com.huahailong.vo;
public class SendMsg {
private String tel;
private String email;
private String sms;
public String getSms() {
return sms;
}
public void setSms(String sms) {
this.sms = sms;
}
public String getTel() {
return tel;
}
public void setTel(String tel) {
this.tel = tel;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
}
Application
package com.huahailong;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.huahailong.observer.SendMsgEvent;
import com.huahailong.vo.SendMsg;
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@GetMapping("/index")
public String index() {
SendMsg msg = new SendMsg();
System.out.println("订单支付成功");
msg.setTel("222");
msg.setEmail("111");
msg.setSms("666");
applicationContext.publishEvent(new SendMsgEvent(msg));
return "";
}
}
结果
2020-05-23 22:57:55.912 INFO 11076 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.huahailong.Application : 订单支付成功
2020-05-23 22:57:55.912 INFO 11076 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.huahailong.observer.SendMsgEvent : 发生消息构造器加载
2020-05-23 22:57:55.912 INFO 11076 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.huahailong.observer.EmailLister : 发送邮件
2020-05-23 22:57:55.912 INFO 11076 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.huahailong.observer.TelLister : 发生手机号码