Android高级页面设计 -- Recycler

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已于 2022-05-02 15:08:40 修改

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文章标签： android java webview

于 2022-05-02 11:40:55 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48020382/article/details/124538112

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Adapter绑定视图

class StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StudentAdapter.ViewHolder> 该语句调用的自定义的 ViewHolder ；自定义的 ViewHolder 放在该类中

class StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StudentAdapter.ViewHolder> {
   // 一个集合的数据
   private List<Student> students;
   // 生成的构造方法
   StudentAdapter(List<Student> students) {
      this.students = students;
   }

   @NonNull
   @Override
   public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
      // 视图绑定 item_student
      ItemStudentBinding binding = ItemStudentBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()),parent,false);
      return new ViewHolder(binding);
   }

   @Override
   public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
      final Student student = students.get(position);
      holder.binding.tvName.setText(student.getName());
      holder.binding.tvClassmate.setText(student.getClassmate());
      holder.binding.tvAge.setText(String.valueOf(student.getAge()));
   }

   @Override
   public int getItemCount() {
      return students.size();
   }

   //自定义ViewHolder类
   public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
      ItemStudentBinding binding;
      public ViewHolder(@NonNull ItemStudentBinding binding) {
         super(binding.getRoot());
         this.binding = binding;
      }
   }
}

// 关联的时候这么拿
binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
setContentView(binding.getRoot());

// 不关联的时候这么拿
ItemStudentBinding binding = ItemStudentBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()),parent,false);
return new ViewHolder(binding);

MainActivity加载进StudentAdapter

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;
    private ToolbarLayoutBinding toolbarBinding;
    private List<Student> students;
    private StudentAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // 关联的时候这么拿
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        toolbarBinding = ToolbarLayoutBinding.bind(binding.getRoot());
        setSupportActionBar(toolbarBinding.toolbar);

        // 初始化数据
        initData();

        // 初始化视图
        // 1. 视图布局
        binding.recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        // 2. 视图分割线
        binding.recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));

        //  创建适配器 Adapter
        adapter = new StudentAdapter(students);
        binding.recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

    }

    private void initData() {
        students = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0;i < 3;i++){
            Student stu = new Student("单" + (i + 1),"软件2146",21);
            students.add(stu);
        }

    }
}

新建drawable文件夹下的item_selector.xml文件（为了实现点击时外观的着重显示）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!--    点击和获得焦点的时候改变颜色-->
<!--    点击-->
    <item android:drawable="@color/darker_gray" android:state_selected="true"/>
<!--    获得焦点-->
    <item android:drawable="@color/darker_gray" android:state_focused="true"/>
<!--    没有点击也没有获得焦点-->
    <item android:drawable="@color/white"/>
</selector>

对鼠标点击样式加重进行设置

class StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ViewHolder> {
   // 一个集合的数据
   private List<Student> students;
   // 为添加选中加重样式服务
   private int currentIndex = 0;

   @Override
   public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
      final Student student = students.get(position);
      holder.binding.tvName.setText(student.getName());
      holder.binding.tvClassmate.setText(student.getClassmate());
      holder.binding.tvAge.setText(String.valueOf(student.getAge()));
      // 设置 条目信息 鼠标点击时样式加重
      holder.itemView.setSelected(currentIndex == position);
   }
}

自定义添加点击事件（不内置需要自己加）

class StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StudentAdapter.ViewHolder> {
   // 一个集合的数据
   private List<Student> students;
   // 为添加选中加重样式服务
   private int currentIndex = 0;
   // 点击事件
   private View.OnClickListener onClickListener;
   // 生成的构造方法
   StudentAdapter(List<Student> students) {
      this.students = students;
   }

   @NonNull
   @Override
   public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
      // 视图绑定 item_student
      ItemStudentBinding binding = ItemStudentBinding.inflate(LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()),parent,false);
      return new ViewHolder(binding);
   }

   @Override
   public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
      final Student student = students.get(position);
      holder.binding.tvName.setText(student.getName());
      holder.binding.tvClassmate.setText(student.getClassmate());
      holder.binding.tvAge.setText(String.valueOf(student.getAge()));
      // 设置 条目信息 鼠标点击时样式加重
      holder.itemView.setSelected(currentIndex == position);
   }

   @Override
   public int getItemCount() {
      return students.size();
   }

   public View.OnClickListener getOnClickListener() {
      return onClickListener;
   }

   public void setOnClickListener(View.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
      this.onClickListener = onClickListener;
   }

   public void setCurrentIndex(int position){
      // 更新视图
      notifyItemChanged(currentIndex);
      notifyItemChanged(position);
      // 设置当前选中项索引
      this.currentIndex = position;
   }

   //自定义ViewHolder类
   public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
      ItemStudentBinding binding;
      public ViewHolder(@NonNull ItemStudentBinding binding) {
         super(binding.getRoot());
         this.binding = binding;
         this.itemView.setTag(this);
         this.itemView.setOnClickListener(onClickListener);
      }
   }
}

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// 自定义的点击事件
        adapter.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                StudentAdapter.ViewHolder viewHolder = (StudentAdapter.ViewHolder) view.getTag();
                final int position = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();
                adapter.setCurrentIndex(position);
                currentStudednt = students.get(position);

                final Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,StudentUpdateActivity.class);
                final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                bundle.putSerializable("student",currentStudednt);
                intent.putExtras(bundle);
                launcher.launch(intent);
            }
        });
        binding.recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}

点击列表项进入新建或修改

包含数据传递（activity之间）、数据接收等知识点

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;
    private ToolbarLayoutBinding toolbarBinding;
    private List<Student> students;
    private StudentAdapter adapter;
    private Student currentStudednt;
    private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> launcher = registerForActivityResult(
            new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(),
            new ActivityResultCallback<ActivityResult>() {
                @Override
                public void onActivityResult(ActivityResult result) {
                    //
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "修改后返回的结果", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
    );

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        // 关联的时候这么拿
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        toolbarBinding = ToolbarLayoutBinding.bind(binding.getRoot());
        setSupportActionBar(toolbarBinding.toolbar);

        // 初始化数据
        initData();

        // 初始化视图
        // 1. 视图布局
        binding.recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        // 2. 视图分割线
        binding.recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));

        //  创建适配器 Adapter
        adapter = new StudentAdapter(students);
        binding.recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
        // 自定义的点击事件
        adapter.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                StudentAdapter.ViewHolder viewHolder = (StudentAdapter.ViewHolder) view.getTag();
                final int position = viewHolder.getAdapterPosition();
                adapter.setCurrentIndex(position);
                currentStudednt = students.get(position);

                final Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,StudentUpdateActivity.class);
                final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                bundle.putSerializable("student",currentStudednt);
                intent.putExtras(bundle);
                launcher.launch(intent);
            }
        });
        binding.recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void initData() {
        students = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0;i < 3;i++){
            Student stu = new Student("单" + (i + 1),"软件2146",21);
            students.add(stu);
        }
    }

    // 显示页面顶部菜单项
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_student,menu);
        return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

public class StudentUpdateActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ActivityStudentUpdateBinding binding;
    private Student currentStudent;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        binding = ActivityStudentUpdateBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());


        // 获取主页面传来的数据
        final Intent intent = getIntent();
        final Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
        if (bundle != null){
            currentStudent = (Student) bundle.get("student");
        }
         // currentStudent 不为空修改，为空添加
        if (currentStudent != null){
            // 姓名和年龄显示
            binding.etName.setText(currentStudent.getName());
            binding.etAge.setText(String.valueOf(currentStudent.getAge()));

            // 列表显示（较难）
            SpinnerAdapter spinnerAdapter = binding.spClassmate.getAdapter();
            for (int i = 0;i < spinnerAdapter.getCount();i++){
                if (spinnerAdapter.getItem(i).toString().equals(currentStudent.getClassmate())) {
                    binding.spClassmate.setSelection(i);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        binding.btnConfirm.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                new Student(binding.etName.getText().toString(),
                        binding.spClassmate.getSelectedItem().toString(),
                        Integer.parseInt((binding.etAge.getText().toString())));

                if (currentStudent != null){
                    // 更新到数据库
                }else {
                    // 插入数据库
                }

                Intent intent = new Intent();

                setResult(RESULT_OK,new Intent());
                finish();
            }
        });
    }
}

对应的.xml文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".StudentUpdateActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="8dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
            android:text="姓名"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_name"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="8dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="班级"
            android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <Spinner
            android:id="@+id/sp_classmate"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:entries="@array/student_arr"
            android:spinnerMode="dropdown"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="8dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginEnd="16dp"
            android:text="年龄"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_age"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:inputType="number"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="16dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_confirm"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
            android:text="确  定"
            android:textSize="20sp" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_cancel"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="取  消"
            android:textSize="20sp" />
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

因为Spinner 标签内的 android:entries="@array/student_arr" 语句，修改了string.xml文件

string.xml文件

<string-array name="student_arr" >
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
        <item>软件2148</item>
</string-array>