Java使用volatile或Condition实现多线程按序交替打印

---

题目

编写一个程序，开启3个线程，这三个线程的ID分别为A、B、C，每个线程将自己的ID在屏幕上打印10遍，要求输出的结果必须按顺序显示。

---

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、通过volatile关键字实现

/**
 * @author 弹弹霹雳
 * @create 2020-11-22-22:02
 */

public class TestABCAlternate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Alternate alter = new Alternate();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printA(i);
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printB(i);
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printC(i);
                }
            }
        }, "C").start();
    }
}

class Alternate{
    private volatile int num = 1;

    public void printA(int n){
        while(num != 1) Thread.yield();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
        num = 2;

    }
    public void printB(int n){
        while(num != 2) Thread.yield();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
        num = 3;
    }
    public void printC(int n){
        while(num != 3) Thread.yield();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
        System.out.println("=====================================");
        num = 1;
    }
}

二、使用Condition实现

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author 弹弹霹雳
 * @create 2020-11-22-22:32
 */
public class TestABCAlternate2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Alternate2 alter = new Alternate2();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printA(i);
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printB(i);
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++){
                    alter.printC(i);
                }
            }
        }, "C").start();
    }

}

class Alternate2{
    private int number = 1;
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();

    public void printA(int n){
        lock.lock();
        try{
            if(number != 1) condition1.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
            number = 2;
            condition2.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally{
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public void printB(int n){
        lock.lock();
        try{
            if(number != 2) condition2.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
            number = 3;
            condition3.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally{
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public void printC(int n){
        lock.lock();
        try{
            if(number != 3) condition3.await();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "----第" + n + "轮");
            System.out.println("=====================================");
            number = 1;
            condition1.signal();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally{
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}