用BGP属性来进行路径选择实验

R1

sysname r1(给路由器命名)

给所有接口配地址

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

建立邻居关系ebgp

bgp 100
router-id 1.1.1.1
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
peer 2.2.2.2 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
peer 3.3.3.3 ebgp-max-hop 255 （ebgp下一跳要设置大点）
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
network 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
network 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 13.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 2.2.2.2 enable
peer 3.3.3.3 enable

查看到r7的路径，默认是从上面的

tracert 7.7.7.7

traceroute to 7.7.7.7(7.7.7.7), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C t
o break

1 12.1.1.2 20 ms 20 ms 30 ms

2 24.1.1.4 < AS=200 > 30 ms 20 ms 1 ms

3 45.1.1.5 < AS=200 > 30 ms 30 ms 30 ms

4 57.1.1.7 < AS=300 > 50 ms 50 ms 30 ms

R2（将R2的as-path设长，那优先级就没有R3高，所以优先从R3到R1）

命名r2

sysname r2

给接口配地址

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
#interface LoopBack0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

建邻居，因为和r3,r4是IBGP,所以下一跳在本地

network 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
network 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
network 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 1.1.1.1 enable
peer 3.3.3.3 enable
peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
peer 4.4.4.4 enable
peer 4.4.4.4 route-policy as export
peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local

ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
network 24.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

route-policy as permit node 10
if-match acl 2000
apply as-path 222 333 444 additive

route-policy as permit node 20

设置静态路由好建邻居

ip route-static 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 12.1.1.1

acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 1.1.1.1 0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 24.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

bgp 200
router-id 2.2.2.2
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100

和R1是ebgp关系，所以下一跳要设置大点

peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 200
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0

R3

sysname r3

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.1.1.3 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255

bgp 200
router-id 3.3.3.3
peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 100
peer 1.1.1.1 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 200
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0

ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
network 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
network 13.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 1.1.1.1 enable
peer 2.2.2.2 enable
peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
peer 4.4.4.4 enable
peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local

ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.0
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

ip route-static 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 13.1.1.1

R4

sysname r4
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 24.1.1.4 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.1.1.4 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 45.1.1.4 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
ip address 46.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
interface LoopBack0
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255

bgp 200
router-id 4.4.4.4
peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 200
peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 200
peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 300
peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 300
peer 6.6.6.6 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0

ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
network 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
network 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
network 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
network 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
network 24.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 34.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 45.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 46.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 2.2.2.2 enable
peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local
peer 3.3.3.3 enable
peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
peer 5.5.5.5 enable
peer 6.6.6.6 enable

ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
area 0.0.0.0
network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
network 24.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 34.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

ip route-static 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255 45.1.1.5
ip route-static 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255 46.1.1.6

R5

sysname r5

acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 1.1.1.1 0
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 45.1.1.5 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 57.1.1.5 255.255.255.0
interface LoopBack0
ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255

bgp 300
router-id 5.5.5.5
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 200
peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 300
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 300
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack0

ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
network 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
network 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
network 45.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 57.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 4.4.4.4 enable
peer 6.6.6.6 enable
peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local
peer 7.7.7.7 enable
peer 7.7.7.7 route-policy as export
peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local

ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
area 0.0.0.0
network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
network 57.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

route-policy as permit node 10
if-match acl 2000
apply as-path 111 222 333 additive

route-policy as permit node 20

ip route-static 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 45.1.1.4

R6（将R6的as-path设置比R5短，优先级就比R5高，所以R7优先从R6走）

sysname r6
acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 1.1.1.1 0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 46.1.1.6 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 67.1.1.6 255.255.255.0

interface LoopBack0
ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255

bgp 300
router-id 6.6.6.6
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 200
peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 255
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 300
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 300
peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack0

ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
network 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
network 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
network 46.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 67.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 4.4.4.4 enable
peer 5.5.5.5 enable
peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local
peer 7.7.7.7 enable
peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local

ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
area 0.0.0.0
network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
network 67.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

route-policy as permit node 10
if-match acl 2000
apply as-path 111 222 333 additive

route-policy as permit node 20

ip route-static 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 46.1.1.4

R7

sysname r7
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 57.1.1.7 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 67.1.1.7 255.255.255.0
interface LoopBack0
ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
bgp 300
router-id 7.7.7.7
peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 300
peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack0
peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 300
peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack0

ipv4-family unicast
undo synchronization
network 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
network 57.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 67.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
peer 5.5.5.5 enable
peer 6.6.6.6 enable

ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
area 0.0.0.0
network 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0
network 57.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 67.1.1.0 0.0.0.255

验证是否是从R6.R4.R3这条路走，正确的）

#tracert 1.1.1.1

traceroute to 1.1.1.1(1.1.1.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C t
o break

1 67.1.1.6 20 ms 10 ms 20 ms

2 46.1.1.4 30 ms 10 ms 30 ms

3 34.1.1.3 < AS=200 > 40 ms 40 ms 30 ms

4 13.1.1.1 < AS=200 > 40 ms 50 ms 30 ms

结合bgp对等体交换原则和选路原则来写，方法不止就我这一个，还可以通过med,local-preference来完成要求。