典型用法
- 生成容器内的环境变量
- 设置容器启动命令的启动参数(需设置为环境变量)
- 以 Volume 的形式挂载为容器内部的文件或目录
创建资源
- 通过 YAML 文件方式创建
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: cm-appvars
data:
apploglevel: info
appdatadir: /var/data
将两个配置文件 server.xml 和 logging.properties 定义为 ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: cm-appconfigfiles
data:
key-serverxml: |
<?xml version='l.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
key-loggingproperties: |
handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
.handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
############################################################
# Handler specific properties.
# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
############################################################
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = catalina.
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = localhost.
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = manager.
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = host-manager.
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
############################################################
# Facility specific properties.
# Provides extra control for each logger.
############################################################
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].handlers = 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
- 通过命令行直接创建
- 通过
--from-file
参数从文件中创建,可以执行key
的名称,也可以在一个命令中创建多个key
- 通过
kubectl create configmap NAME --from-file=[key=]source --from-file=[key=]source
- 通过
--from-file
参数在目录下创建,该目录下的每个文件名都被设置为key
,文件的内容被设置为value
kubectl create configmap NAME --from-file=config-files-dir
使用资源
1. 通过环境变量方式使用
创建ConfigMap
资源
kubectl create -f cm-appvars.yaml
使用 1 :将ConfigMap中的内容以环境变量( APPLOGLEVEL 和 APPDATADIR )方式设置为容器内部的环境变量
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: cm-test-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: cm-test
image: busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env | grep APP" ]
env:
- name: APPLOGLEVEL # 定于环境变量的名称
valueFrom: # key “apploglevel”对应的值
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-appvars # 环境变量的值取自 cm-appvars
key: apploglevel # key为apploglevel
- name: APPDATADIR
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: cm-appvars
key: appdatadir
restartPolicy: Never
[root@master configMap]# kubectl logs -f cm-test-pod
APPDATADIR=/var/data
APPLOGLEVEL=info
使用 2 :将ConfigMap
中所有定义的key=value
自动生成为环境变量
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: cm-test-pod2
spec:
containers:
- name: cm-test2
image: busybox
command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
envFrom:
- configMapRef:
name: cm-appvars
restartPolicy: Never
[root@master configMap]# kubectl logs cm-test-pod2 | grep app
apploglevel=info
appdatadir=/var/data
2. 通过volumeMount
使用ConfigMap
将configmap
中内容以文件的形式挂载到容器内部的/configfiles
目录下。
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: cm-test-app
spec:
containers:
- name: cm-test-app
image: kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
volumeMounts:
- name: serverxml # 引用volume的名称
mountPath: /configfiles # 挂载带容器内的路径
volumes:
- name: serverxml # 定义volume的名称
configMap:
name: cm-appconfigfiles # 引用ConfigMap
items:
- key: key-serverxml # key=key-serverxml
path: server.xml # value将server.xml文件名进行挂载
- key: key-loggingproperties # key=key-loggingproperties
path: logging.properties # value将logging.properties文件名进行挂载
root@cm-test-app:/usr/local/tomcat# ls /configfiles/
logging.properties server.xml
如果在引用ConfigMap
时不指定items
,则会在容器内的目录下为每个items
都生成一个文件名为key
的文件
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: cm-test-app2
spec:
containers:
- name: cm-test-app2
image: kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
volumeMounts:
- name: serverxml # 引用volume的名称
mountPath: /configfiles # 挂载带容器内的路径
volumes:
- name: serverxml # 定义volume的名称
configMap:
name: cm-appconfigfiles # 使用ConfigMap “cm-appconfigfiles”
root@cm-test-app2:/usr/local/tomcat# ls /configfiles/
key-loggingproperties key-serverxml