k8s-cm

---

典型用法

• 生成容器内的环境变量
• 设置容器启动命令的启动参数（需设置为环境变量）
• 以 Volume 的形式挂载为容器内部的文件或目录
  

创建资源

• 通过 YAML 文件方式创建

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: cm-appvars
data:
  apploglevel: info
  appdatadir: /var/data

将两个配置文件 server.xml 和 logging.properties 定义为 ConfigMap

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: cm-appconfigfiles
data:
  key-serverxml: |
    <?xml version='l.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
    <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
      <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
   
      <GlobalNamingResources>
        <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
                 type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
                 description="User database that can be updated and saved"
                 factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
                 pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
      </GlobalNamingResources>
    
      <Service name="Catalina">
        <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
                  connectionTimeout="20000"
                  redirectPort="8443" />
        <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
        <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
          <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
            <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
                  resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
          </Realm>
    
          <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
               unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
            <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
                  prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
                  pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />
             </Host>
         </Engine>
       </Service>
      </Server>
  key-loggingproperties: |
    handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
    
    .handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
    
    ############################################################
    # Handler specific properties.
    # Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
    ############################################################

    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = catalina.
    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
    1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
    
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = localhost.
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
    2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
    
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = manager.
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
    3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
    
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = host-manager.
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.maxDays = 90
    4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
    

    ############################################################
    # Facility specific properties.
    # Provides extra control for each logger.
    ############################################################
    
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
    
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
    
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].level = INFO
    org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].handlers = 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler

• 通过命令行直接创建
  • 通过--from-file参数从文件中创建，可以执行key的名称，也可以在一个命令中创建多个key

kubectl create configmap NAME --from-file=[key=]source --from-file=[key=]source

• 通过--from-file参数在目录下创建，该目录下的每个文件名都被设置为key，文件的内容被设置为value

kubectl create configmap NAME --from-file=config-files-dir

使用资源

1. 通过环境变量方式使用

创建ConfigMap资源

kubectl create -f cm-appvars.yaml

使用 1 ：将ConfigMap中的内容以环境变量（ APPLOGLEVEL 和 APPDATADIR ）方式设置为容器内部的环境变量

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cm-test-pod
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cm-test
    image: busybox
    command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env | grep APP" ]
    env:
    - name: APPLOGLEVEL					# 定于环境变量的名称
      valueFrom:								# key “apploglevel”对应的值
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: cm-appvars			# 环境变量的值取自 cm-appvars
          key: apploglevel			# key为apploglevel
    - name: APPDATADIR
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: cm-appvars
          key: appdatadir
  restartPolicy: Never

[root@master configMap]# kubectl logs -f cm-test-pod
APPDATADIR=/var/data
APPLOGLEVEL=info

使用 2 ：将ConfigMap中所有定义的key=value自动生成为环境变量

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cm-test-pod2
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cm-test2
    image: busybox
    command: [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "env" ]
    envFrom:
    - configMapRef:
        name: cm-appvars
  restartPolicy: Never

[root@master configMap]# kubectl logs cm-test-pod2 | grep app
apploglevel=info
appdatadir=/var/data

2. 通过volumeMount使用ConfigMap

将configmap中内容以文件的形式挂载到容器内部的/configfiles目录下。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cm-test-app
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cm-test-app
    image: kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
    ports:
    - containerPort: 8080
    volumeMounts:
    - name: serverxml									# 引用volume的名称
      mountPath: /configfiles					# 挂载带容器内的路径
  volumes:
  - name: serverxml										# 定义volume的名称
    configMap:
      name: cm-appconfigfiles					# 引用ConfigMap
      items:
      - key: key-serverxml						# key=key-serverxml
        path: server.xml							# value将server.xml文件名进行挂载
      - key: key-loggingproperties		# key=key-loggingproperties
        path: logging.properties			# value将logging.properties文件名进行挂载

root@cm-test-app:/usr/local/tomcat# ls  /configfiles/
logging.properties  server.xml

如果在引用ConfigMap时不指定items，则会在容器内的目录下为每个items都生成一个文件名为key的文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: cm-test-app2
spec:
  containers:
  - name: cm-test-app2
    image: kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
    ports:
    - containerPort: 8080
    volumeMounts:
    - name: serverxml									# 引用volume的名称
      mountPath: /configfiles					# 挂载带容器内的路径
  volumes:
  - name: serverxml										# 定义volume的名称
    configMap:
      name: cm-appconfigfiles					#	使用ConfigMap “cm-appconfigfiles”

root@cm-test-app2:/usr/local/tomcat# ls /configfiles/
key-loggingproperties  key-serverxml