目录
八、代码优化---SqlSessionFactory工具类提取
一、web核心介绍
JavaWeb技术栈
二、HTTP
三、Web服务器------Tomcat
Tomcat控制台编码默认为uft-8,而window为gbk,因此会出现乱码,将tomcat目录下的conf下的logging.properties改为gbk即可。
注意: alt+insert:导入插件模板(此处用到了maven helper插件)
四、Servlet
4.1 快速入门
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<!--servlet必须设置依赖范围-->
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4.2 Servlet的执行流程
4.3 Servlet生命周期
4.4 Servlet方法
4.5 Servlet体系结构
public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
//需要根据请求方式的不同,进行分别处理
//强制类型转换,只有在HTTP协议下才能获取请求方式
HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
//1.获取请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
//2.判断
if ("GET".equals(method)){
//get方式的处理逻辑
}else if("POST".equals(method)){
//post的处理逻辑
}
}
4.5 Servlet urlPattern配置
4.6 XML配置方式编写Servlet
<!--
Servlet 全类名
-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo13</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.itheima.ServletDemo13</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<!--
Servlet 访问路径
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo13</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/demo13</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
五、Request
5.1 Request继承体系
5.2 Request请求数据
/**
* request 获取请求数据
*/
@WebServlet("/req1")
public class RequestDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// String getMethod():获取请求方式: GET
String method = req.getMethod();
System.out.println(method);//GET
// String getContextPath():获取虚拟目录(项目访问路径):/request-demo
String contextPath = req.getContextPath();
System.out.println(contextPath);
// StringBuffer getRequestURL(): 获取URL(统一资源定位符):http://localhost:8080/request-demo/req1
StringBuffer url = req.getRequestURL();
System.out.println(url.toString());
// String getRequestURI():获取URI(统一资源标识符): /request-demo/req1
String uri = req.getRequestURI();
System.out.println(uri);
// String getQueryString():获取请求参数(GET方式): username=zhangsan
String queryString = req.getQueryString();
System.out.println(queryString);
//------------
// 获取请求头:user-agent: 浏览器的版本信息
String agent = req.getHeader("user-agent");
System.out.println(agent);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取post 请求体:请求参数
//1. 获取字符输入流
BufferedReader br = req.getReader();
//2. 读取数据
String line = br.readLine();
System.out.println(line);
}
}
5.21 通用方式获取请求参数
5.22 请求参数中文乱码处理
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.解决乱码Post,getReader(),tomcat默认这个流的编码是ISO-8859-1
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//设置字符输入流的编码
//2.获取username
String username = request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println("解决乱码前:"+username);
//3 GET,获取参数方式:getQueryString
//乱码原因:tomcat进行URL解码,默认的字符集ISI-8859-1
/*//3.1 先对乱码数据进行编码,转为字节数组
byte[] bytes = username.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
//3.2 字节数组解码
username = new String(bytes, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);*/
username = new String(username.getBytes(StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1),StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
System.out.println("解决乱码后:"+username);
}
5.3 Request请求转发
六、Response
6.1 Response设置响应数据功能介绍
6.2 Response重定向
@WebServlet("/response1")
public class Response1 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("response1...");
//重定向
/* //1.设置响应状态码302
response.setStatus(302);
//2.设置响应头
response.setHeader("Location","/request-demo/response2");*/
//简化方式完成重定向
//response.sendRedirect("/request-demo/response2");
//动态获取虚拟目录
String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
response.sendRedirect(contextPath+"/response2");
}
6.3 资源路径问题
//动态获取虚拟目录
String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
response.sendRedirect(contextPath+"/response2");
6.4 Response响应数据
6.4.1 Response响应字符数据
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置响应数据格式以及字符集
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//1.获取字符输出流
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
//2.contebtype
//response.setHeader("content-type","text/html");
writer.write("你好");
writer.write("<h1>aaa</h1>");
//细节:流不需要关闭
}
6.4.2 Response响应字节数据
七、用户登录&&用户注册案例
7.1 用户登录案例
pom.xm配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>request-demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.34</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<!-- <configuration>
<path>/xxx</path>
</configuration>-->
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Mybatis配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--起别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<!--& 转义字符,相当于and-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///db1?useSSL=false&useServerPrepStmts=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value=" "/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!--扫描mapper-->
<package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
CSS页面:
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html {
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: url(../imgs/Desert.jpg) no-repeat 0px 0px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: 100% 100%;
-moz-background-size: 100% 100%;
}
body {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100%;
}
#loginDiv {
width: 37%;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 300px;
background-color: rgba(75, 81, 95, 0.3);
box-shadow: 7px 7px 17px rgba(52, 56, 66, 0.5);
border-radius: 5px;
}
#name_trip {
margin-left: 50px;
color: red;
}
p {
margin-top: 30px;
margin-left: 20px;
color: azure;
}
input {
margin-left: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
border-style: hidden;
height: 30px;
width: 140px;
background-color: rgba(216, 191, 216, 0.5);
outline: none;
color: #f0edf3;
padding-left: 10px;
}
#username{
width: 200px;
}
#password{
width: 202px;
}
.button {
border-color: cornsilk;
background-color: rgba(100, 149, 237, .7);
color: aliceblue;
border-style: hidden;
border-radius: 5px;
width: 100px;
height: 31px;
font-size: 16px;
}
#subDiv {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 30px;
}
#loginMsg{
text-align: center;color: aliceblue;
}
login.html页面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>login</title>
<link href="css/login.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div id="loginDiv">
<form action="/request-demo/loginServlet" method="post" id="form">
<h1 id="loginMsg">LOGIN IN</h1>
<p>Username:<input id="username" name="username" type="text"></p>
<p>Password:<input id="password" name="password" type="password"></p>
<div id="subDiv">
<input type="submit" class="button" value="login up">
<input type="reset" class="button" value="reset">
<a href="register.html">没有账号?点击注册</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
user实体类:
package com.itheima.pojo;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
mapper接口:
/**
* 根据用户名和密码查询用户对象
* @param username
* @param password
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}")
User select(@Param("username") String username,@Param("password") String password);
LoginServlet:
package com.itheima.web;
import com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.itheima.pojo.User;
import com.itheima.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. 接收用户名和密码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//2. 调用MyBatis完成查询
//2.1 获取SqlSessionFactory对象
/* String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);*/
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
//2.2 获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//2.3 获取Mapper
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//2.4 调用方法
User user = userMapper.select(username, password);
//2.5 释放资源
sqlSession.close();
//获取字符输出流,并设置content type
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
//3. 判断user释放为null
if(user != null){
// 登陆成功
writer.write("登陆成功");
}else {
// 登陆失败
writer.write("登陆失败");
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
7.2 用户注册案例
pom.xm配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>request-demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.34</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<!-- <configuration>
<path>/xxx</path>
</configuration>-->
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Mybatis配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--起别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.itheima.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<!--& 转义字符,相当于and-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///db1?useSSL=false&useServerPrepStmts=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value=" "/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!--扫描mapper-->
<package name="com.itheima.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
CSS页面:
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style-type: none;
}
.reg-content{
padding: 30px;
margin: 3px;
}
a, img {
border: 0;
}
body {
background-image: url("../imgs/reg_bg_min.jpg") ;
text-align: center;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
}
td, th {
padding: 0;
height: 90px;
}
.inputs{
vertical-align: top;
}
.clear {
clear: both;
}
.clear:before, .clear:after {
content: "";
display: table;
}
.clear:after {
clear: both;
}
.form-div {
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.27);
border-radius: 10px;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
width: 424px;
margin-top: 150px;
margin-left:1050px;
padding: 30px 0 20px 0px;
font-size: 16px;
box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0px 0px 15px rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.3);
text-align: left;
}
.form-div input[type="text"], .form-div input[type="password"], .form-div input[type="email"] {
width: 268px;
margin: 10px;
line-height: 20px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.form-div input[type="checkbox"] {
margin: 20px 0 20px 10px;
}
.form-div input[type="button"], .form-div input[type="submit"] {
margin: 10px 20px 0 0;
}
.form-div table {
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: right;
color: rgba(64, 64, 64, 1.00);
}
.form-div table img {
vertical-align: middle;
margin: 0 0 5px 0;
}
.footer {
color: rgba(64, 64, 64, 1.00);
font-size: 12px;
margin-top: 30px;
}
.form-div .buttons {
float: right;
}
input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="email"] {
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: inset 0 2px 5px #eee;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #D4D4D4;
color: #333333;
margin-top: 5px;
}
input[type="text"]:focus, input[type="password"]:focus, input[type="email"]:focus {
border: 1px solid #50afeb;
outline: none;
}
input[type="button"], input[type="submit"] {
padding: 7px 15px;
background-color: #3c6db0;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow: hidden;
min-width: 80px;
border: none;
color: #FFF;
box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.3);
}
input[type="button"]:hover, input[type="submit"]:hover {
background-color: #5a88c8;
}
input[type="button"]:active, input[type="submit"]:active {
background-color: #5a88c8;
}
.err_msg{
color: red;
padding-right: 170px;
}
#password_err,#tel_err{
padding-right: 195px;
}
#reg_btn{
margin-right:50px; width: 285px; height: 45px; margin-top:20px;
}
register.html页面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>欢迎注册</title>
<link href="css/register.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="form-div">
<div class="reg-content">
<h1>欢迎注册</h1>
<span>已有帐号?</span> <a href="login.html">登录</a>
</div>
<form id="reg-form" action="/request-demo/registerServlet" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="username" type="text" id="username">
<br>
<span id="username_err" class="err_msg" style="display: none">用户名不太受欢迎</span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td class="inputs">
<input name="password" type="password" id="password">
<br>
<span id="password_err" class="err_msg" style="display: none">密码格式有误</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="buttons">
<input value="注 册" type="submit" id="reg_btn">
</div>
<br class="clear">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
user实体类:
package com.itheima.pojo;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
mapper接口:
/**
* 根据用户名查询用户对象
* @param username
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from tb_user where username = #{username}")
User selectByUsername(String username);
/**
* 添加用户
* @param user
*/
@Insert("insert into tb_user values(null,#{username},#{password})")
void add(User user);
RegisterServlet:
package com.itheima.web;
import com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.itheima.pojo.User;
import com.itheima.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
@WebServlet("/registerServlet")
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. 接收用户数据
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//封装用户对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
//2. 调用mapper 根据用户名查询用户对象
//2.1 获取SqlSessionFactory对象
/* String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);*/
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
//2.2 获取SqlSession对象
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//2.3 获取Mapper
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//2.4 调用方法
User u = userMapper.selectByUsername(username);
//3. 判断用户对象释放为null
if( u == null){
// 用户名不存在,添加用户
userMapper.add(user);
// 提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
// 释放资源
sqlSession.close();
}else {
// 用户名存在,给出提示信息
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
response.getWriter().write("用户名已存在");
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
八、代码优化---SqlSessionFactory工具类提取
package com.itheima.util;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class SqlSessionFactoryUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
//静态代码块会随着类的加载而自动执行,且只执行一次
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory(){
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
}