【Docker系列】 Docker 多架构支持 和 Docker Buildx 构建多架构

Docker 的多架构支持

docker自适应了CPU的架构
会自动选择架构的版本

镜像
多架构的标签，会自动选择适合的标签。

使用 buildx 构建多架构镜像

Windows和Mac的桌面版Docker自带buildx命令，但是Linux环境下的Docker需要自行安装buildx 。https://github.com/docker/buildx

https://docs.docker.com/buildx/working-with-buildx/

Docker Buildx

PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker buildx

Usage:  docker buildx [OPTIONS] COMMAND

Extended build capabilities with BuildKit

Options:
      --builder string   Override the configured builder instance

Management Commands:
  imagetools  Commands to work on images in registry

Commands:
  bake        Build from a file
  build       Start a build
  create      Create a new builder instance
  du          Disk usage
  inspect     Inspect current builder instance
  ls          List builder instances
  prune       Remove build cache
  rm          Remove a builder instance
  stop        Stop builder instance
  use         Set the current builder instance
  version     Show buildx version information

Run 'docker buildx COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

登录dockerhub

docker login

进入源码目录（Dockerfile所在目录）

git clone https://github.com/xiaopeng163/flask-redis
cd flask-redis

构建 docker buildx build

--platform 支持哪些架构
-t 指tag版本，账号 / 镜像文件

注意：yebax/flask-redis yebax是我的docker hub账号，flask-redis是镜像，根据自己的账号修改名称。别上传到我的账号里了！

docker buildx build --push --platform linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/amd64 -t yebax/flask-redis:latest .

遇到问题buildx问题

因为使用Windows有两个环境，一个是desktop-linux，一个是default

PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker buildx build --push --platform linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/amd64 -t yeabx/flask-redis:latest .
[+] Building 0.0s (0/0)
error: multiple platforms feature is currently not supported for docker driver. Please switch to a different driver (eg. "docker buildx create --use")
PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker buildx ls
NAME/NODE       DRIVER/ENDPOINT STATUS  PLATFORMS
desktop-linux   docker
  desktop-linux desktop-linux   running linux/amd64, linux/arm64, linux/riscv64, linux/ppc64le, linux/s390x, linux/386, linux/arm/v7, linux/arm/v6
default *       docker
  default       default         running linux/amd64, linux/arm64, linux/riscv64, linux/ppc64le, linux/s390x, linux/386, linux/arm/v7, linux/arm/v6

创建一个新的环境 docker buildx create

--use 切换到环境里面，默认是在default

docker buildx create --name mybuilder --use

查看 docker buildx ls

PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker buildx ls
NAME/NODE       DRIVER/ENDPOINT                STATUS   PLATFORMS
mybuilder *     docker-container
  mybuilder0    npipe:./pipe/docker_engine inactive
desktop-linux   docker
  desktop-linux desktop-linux                  running  linux/amd64, linux/arm64, linux/riscv64, linux/ppc64le, linux/s390x, linux/386, linux/arm/v7, linux/arm/v6
default         docker
  default       default                        running  linux/amd64, linux/arm64, linux/riscv64, linux/ppc64le, linux/s390x, linux/386, linux/arm/v7, linux/arm/v6
PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master>

注意： * 代表激活的当前环境，例如上面的 mybuilder *

再次构建

原理，拉取一个镜像，在镜像里面构建linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/amd64镜像，最后提交到docker hub 上。

PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker buildx build --push --platform linux/arm/v7,linux/arm64/v8,linux/amd64 -t yebax/flask-redis:latest .
[+] Building 12.2s (20/21)
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 318B                                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => [linux/amd64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3-slim                                                                                                 6.0s
 => [linux/arm64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3-slim                                                                                                 6.0s
 => [linux/arm/v7 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3-slim                                                                                                6.0s
 => [auth] library/python:pull token for registry-1.docker.io                                                                                                                0.0s
 => [linux/arm/v7 1/4] FROM docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                          0.0s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                                       0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => => transferring context: 28B                                                                                                                                             0.0s
 => [linux/arm64 1/4] FROM docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                           0.1s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                                       0.1s
 => [linux/amd64 1/4] FROM docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                           0.1s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/python:3-slim@sha256:44f51ba4af570481a83972fc424f8c1546a800341aebdbc6849a523eece02eb9                                                       0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm64 2/4] RUN pip install flask redis &&     groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask &&     mkdir /src &&     chown -R flask:flask /src            0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm64 3/4] COPY app.py /src/app.py                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm64 4/4] WORKDIR /src                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/amd64 2/4] RUN pip install flask redis &&     groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask &&     mkdir /src &&     chown -R flask:flask /src            0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/amd64 3/4] COPY app.py /src/app.py                                                                                                                         0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/amd64 4/4] WORKDIR /src                                                                                                                                    0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm/v7 2/4] RUN pip install flask redis &&     groupadd -r flask && useradd -r -g flask flask &&     mkdir /src &&     chown -R flask:flask /src           0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm/v7 3/4] COPY app.py /src/app.py                                                                                                                        0.0s
 => CACHED [linux/arm/v7 4/4] WORKDIR /src                                                                                                                                   0.0s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                                                                       6.0s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                                                                      0.0s
 => => exporting manifest sha256:587e1270a72a7d79fc876c5008b395d4c8f5d188c8436ad4ef3544ff6a5e3ff1                                                                            0.0s
 => => exporting config sha256:bd1b0007330d0376080bafd604fcfc38fe7f6d7e02cbae506e81fcf2a62806fb                                                                              0.0s
 => => exporting manifest sha256:4fb110df2507a812560f8b273d408cde68028ad61a5463e466875db8ecf3e820                                                                            0.0s
 => => exporting config sha256:ffc79b5de755e69d57dbd979aa3e346e457ff9415f15ec6fa1d495b2fb9b0df7                                                                              0.0s
 => => exporting manifest sha256:86be7ac77e67a9d0a267c2368e30f1c30a4f24d218054a3f217aabbcc8bbb771                                                                            0.0s
 => => exporting config sha256:075647041b6d524b616d2aec1b33862d7d31a47b348532a1ee81b9e1be1848e1                                                                              0.0s
 => => exporting manifest list sha256:5d0f37e811253261018c333cd8af7723277b7000211499349c22b26fcd8c963c                                                                       0.0s
 => => pushing layers                                                                                                                                                        5.8s
 => [auth] yebax/flask-redis:pull,push token for registry-1.docker.io                                                                                                        0.0s

可以再打开一个Powershell，输入 docker container ls查看，出自动出现一个容器，用来构多架构建镜像。

PS C:\Users\柏杉\Downloads\flask-redis-master> docker container ls
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                           COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
54573517ab80   moby/buildkit:buildx-stable-1   "buildkitd"   7 seconds ago   Up 5 seconds             buildx_buildkit_mybuilder0

上传成功，tag里面有多架构版本。